Logistics

The use of forklift trucks implies a high risk of accidents in intra-logistics. Due to the demographic change and the forthcoming skilled worker shortage, it becomes more and more important for logistics companies to preserve the health of their workers, since the loss of know-how can often not be compensated especially in small and medium-sized enterprises. Therefore, the development of new technologies, that raise safety and efficiency and that support cognitive ability in working environments, will become increasingly important in the future. This article presents the concept of an assistance system for forklift trucks that is developed in the scope of the research project “IntraSafe”. It is based on a linkage of workers and forklifts via infrared technology that enables a combination of collision avoidance and intelligent routing of forklift trucks for increasing safety and efficiency of logistics processes.

The principles of the so-called lean production are widely used and established in the modern production landscape. The benefits for the manufacturing industry are undisputed, and contribute significantly to the competitiveness of German companies. The current discussion regarding Industry 4.0 is mostly on an academic basis and examples are often theoretical. To date, practical illustrative examples are realized under laboratory conditions without an adequate proof of usability under real-world conditions. In principle, Cyber-Physical Systems have the potential to increase the effectiveness of established Lean Production principles.

Supply chain management (SCM) within the researching pharmaceutical industry is characterized by specific requirements: Especially regulations, a high value of the products with corresponding requirements on (anti counterfeit -) security and long cycle times characterize this industry. This article shows which key performance indicators supply chain managers at the biggest researching pharmaceutical companies use currently, how they change in the future and which implications can be derived from that. The findings mainly base on an interview series with 11 of the global TOP20 highest-grossing, researching pharmaceutical companies (ranking according to [1]) as well as a literature analysis and a single case study conducted at one of the companies.

External turbulences affecting producing industries are increasing because of rising natural and geopolitical changes. Due to this extended turbulences the vulnerability of today’s highly linked and complex supply chains of producing companies is rising. In terms of avoiding actual and future instabilities, critical processes need to be designed robust and flexible and to be monitored continuously. In order to initiate the necessary actions to guarantee the security of supply, critical processes have to be identified. For the evaluation of actual or future critical processes criticality gets introduced. So the influence of extended turbulences can be identified and possible instabilities can be detected and anticipated.

In the automotive industry, picking areas - so called supermarkets - are used to supply the production with material. By supplying the material in small quantities and with high frequency supermarkets are an important enabler of just in time production. A new method is presented, which allows a quantitative evaluation of order processing time and physical workload. Using the method, design alternatives as well as existing supermarkets can be assessed quantitatively at a favorable cost-benefit ratio.

Courier, express and parcel service providers (CEP service providers) have a crucial importance for the economy by handling flows of goods between businesses and private households. Challenges such as the increasing online sales, tighter delivery time requirements and growing competition along with the higher importance of environmental issues and political regulation result in an increased pressure to innovate in the CEP industry. Especially in urban areas various fields of innovation can be identified which can contribute to a more cost-efficient and environmentally friendly supply of companies and households in the city.

New and unique tasks are regularly solved in interdisciplinary and sometimes cross-company teams. Thus, the necessary expertise can be combined for the collective success of projects. In this project-specific organizational form the advantages of collective intelligence can be used. Unfortunately, the acquired additional experience in project knowledge is often not systematically rooted in the company after the project expired. There are also specific challenges of SME projects. A project-based networking of expertise in terms of Corporate Capability Management often requires new approaches and tools. The idea for a simulation-based project management with integrated logistics could be forward-looking. It is based e.g. on the development and utilization of reference plans as well as project- and logistic-scenarios. Thereby, step by step experience and process improvements can be integrated.

The networking between companies in a supply chain becomes tighter. This applies for manufacturing plants and the supply with manufacturing equipment as well. Hence, the complexity of the flow of information, in particular for tool management, increases. Currently the exchange of information is mostly paper-based and tool data is not available continuously along the supply chain. By using a digital and cloud-based tool management system, breaks in the flow of information along the supply chain for machining tools can be overcome. Herewith tool data can be called and updated ongoing and location-independent. Furthermore, after clearly identifying a tool, required tool data can automatically be transferred into the control system of the machine.

Nowadays factories have to withhold an ever rising pressure to succeed. Customer demands become more demanding and goods have to be available within shorter lead times and lower prices. Flexibility, reliability and resilience are key factors for companies. Against this background, there is a need in companies for constant analysis of their business processes. This is an addition to a paper that was published in the last issue of this journal. The first part focused on the general possibility of the two methods “Dortmunder Process Chain Model” and production characteristics curves and how they could be used to analyse factories in different detail levels. In this second part the focus is set more on the perspectives that both models base on. On the one hand there is the order flow perspective of the “Dortmunder Process Chain Model” and on the other hand the resource perspective of the production characteristics curves that have to be aligned.

In order picking, the workers lift, lower, push and pull variable loads. This manual handling is a common cause of musculoskeletal disorders. In order to assess the risk of musculoskeletal disorders, risk assessments in order picking are nowadays performed manually. This article presents an approach how to integrate two methods of risk assessment in warehouse management systems so the physical workload in order picking systems can be determined automatically.