Design

Shaping Digital Change in Companies

Shaping Digital Change in Companies

Using the living lab approach and the backcasting method to develop a vision
Annalena Präger, David Koch ORCID Icon, Julia Brandt, Sebastian Schmid
Alongside sustainability, sustainability management is also gaining in importance. At the same time, digitalization continues to advance, embedded in a complex interplay of economic, ecological and social challenges. A sustainability platform that not only records relevant company data, but also ensures the necessary security, can unleash synergies between transformative trends to foster sustainable and efficient corporate development.
Industry 4.0 Science | Volume 40 | 2024 | Edition 3 | Pages 61-66
Transformation in the Automotive Industry

Transformation in the Automotive Industry

Overcoming employee-related challenges with effective leadership
Stefan Süß ORCID Icon, Ingo Klingenberg ORCID Icon, Maximilian Kellerer, Phillip Nguyen
Transformative forces present companies with enormous challenges. At the same time, new forms of collaboration and new roles and responsibilities are emerging. Due to the risks associated with change, many employees hold on to old habits and work processes, which can slow down positive developments. The challenge for managers is to recognize this resistance, prevent it and turn it into acceptance or even proactive support.
Industry 4.0 Science | Volume 40 | Edition 3 | Pages 21-26
GAIA-X Maturity Model 

GAIA-X Maturity Model 

Assessing the future viability of cross-company 
data exchange
Maximilian Weiden, Jokim Janßen
In order to cope with growing customer requirements and the associated increase in complexity, companies are opening up their value chains, reducing their vertical integration and increasingly entering into collaborations. Cross-company data exchange along the supply chain is thus becoming a key component for competitiveness and the realization of customer-specific solutions. For this reason, the European Union has launched the GAIA-X project, which aims to create the next generation of data infrastructure for Europe and its companies. The GAIA-X maturity model offers an approach for classifying companies into different development stages and provides concrete requirements for further development along a predefined development path towards becoming a fully-fledged participant in the federated GAIA-X data infrastructure.
Industry 4.0 Science | Volume 40 | 2024 | Edition 3 | Pages 14-20
Digital Transformation Coaching

Digital Transformation Coaching

Employee development as a supplement to change management in transformation processes
Michael Bauer, Eric Grosse ORCID Icon
Digital transformation processes have a high tendency for delay, exceeding costs, and failure. This poses a significant risk in competitive global markets and shifting business models of entire industries. Successful companies have a different approach to new technologies than more traditional incumbents. Including the workforce in the transformation via change leadership in a digital transformation coaching process can reduce fear and resistance and can lead to a paradigm shift of approaching the digital transformation itself: as an agility driven, infinite game with high potential gain.
Industry 4.0 Science | Volume 40 | 2024 | Edition 3 | Pages 33-40
Digital Twin and Vertical Integration

Digital Twin and Vertical Integration

Support for sustainability concepts in production processes
Ute Dietrich
Establishing “smart” production processes that are focused on sustainability and based on aggregated data requires a great deal of exchange at various levels. The vertical integration of different production components provides companies with an important basis for achieving their sustainability goals. Digital twins can play a decisive role in driving this process forward.
Industry 4.0 Science | Volume 40 | 2024 | Edition 3 | Pages 67-72
Spare Part Production of Vehicle Gearbox Bearings

Spare Part Production of Vehicle Gearbox Bearings

A method using additive manufacturing
Norbert Babel, Tobias Empl, Raimund Kreis ORCID Icon, Peter Roider
Spare parts for older products are often difficult to obtain or cannot be produced in an economically viable way using conventional manufacturing techniques. This article examines whether damping elements for gearbox bearings (in/for the automotive sector) can be manufactured from thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU) with the same or compatible properties as the original part alternatively using additive manufacturing.
Industry 4.0 Science | Volume 40 | 2024 | Edition 2 | Pages 16-22
Digital Platform Frameworks for Manufacturing Companies

Digital Platform Frameworks for Manufacturing Companies

A review
Marcel Rojahn ORCID Icon
In recent years, digital platforms have established themselves as a central concept in the IT field. Due to the wide variety of digital platforms available on the market, there is still a need for clear comparison with criteria to enable interested parties to select, change, operate and further develop these platforms. The following paper aims to contribute to the facilitation of this comparison by undertaking a systematic literature review of digital platform frameworks in the context of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIOT) for manufacturing companies and thus providing a basis for a number of potential ways to effectively compare current digital platforms and ecosystems.
Industry 4.0 Science | Volume 40 | 2024 | Edition 2 | Pages 8-15 | DOI 10.30844/I4SE.24.2.8
Leveraging AI for Cost-Reduced Exhaust Gas Aftertreatment

Leveraging AI for Cost-Reduced Exhaust Gas Aftertreatment

Use of AI-based dosing systems to reduce nitrogen oxides in large diesel engines
Manuel Brehmer, Marc Schuler
The design of gear pumps causes gap flows, which counteract efforts to achieve exact dosing. However, due to the complex relationships between pressure, temperature, manufacturing tolerances and the material properties of the pumped medium, these gap flows cannot be reliably described in real time using physical equation systems. By using new algorithms and artificial neural networks, it was possible to solve this problem and replace a cost-intensive flow measurement method at the same time. This new approach has been tested on a pilot plant scale, and has already demonstrated that it can achieve the accuracy of a classic flow meter, while at the same time significantly decreasing the response time and increasing the application range of the dosing system.
Industry 4.0 Science | Volume 40 | 2024 | Edition 2 | Pages 72-79
Lean Empowerment in the Digital Ecosystem

Lean Empowerment in the Digital Ecosystem

Translating cultural values into technical requirements
Sabrina Karch ORCID Icon, Frank Bertagnolli ORCID Icon, Arndt Lüder ORCID Icon
With the advent of digitalization, prevailing paradigms – such as product centricity, face-to-face collaboration and hierarchical structures – are giving way to the vision of data-driven business models, digital, collaborative ecosystems and an agile, holacratic way of working in flat hierarchies and self-managing teams. Collaboration is made possible through the use of software solutions. In addition to adapted management concepts, the digital space also requires a digital cultural understanding on part of the companies involved. Lean empowerment is a pioneering approach to collaboration based on cultural values. In expert workshops, ideas were developed to explore how these values can be lived in a digital culture and thus in terms of global digital collaboration. This article presents concrete solutions from which requirements for digital collaboration and for implementation within IT structures and software solutions in particular can be derived.
Industry 4.0 Science | Volume 40 | 2024 | Edition 2 | Pages 32-39 | DOI 10.30844/I4SE.24.2.32
The Utopia of European Cybersecurity Certifications

The Utopia of European Cybersecurity Certifications

Alexander Lawall ORCID Icon, Jesus Luna Garcia
Interoperable automation can benefit cybersecurity certification processes that result from the EU Cybersecurity Act (e.g. EUCS) so that they represent less overhead for the stakeholders involved. The development of key standardization efforts involving relevant stakeholders (e.g. regulators) is needed to fully realize these benefits. EU projects like H2020 MEDINA, HEU COBALT and communities such as EUROSCAL are well on the way to achieving this goal. However, more practical experience is needed to make continuous certification with automation a reality.
Industry 4.0 Science | Volume 40 | 2024 | Edition 2 | Pages 48-55
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