Automation

Industry 4.0 in Remanufacturing

Industry 4.0 in Remanufacturing

Analysis and evaluation of current research approaches
Kim Sprenger, Jan-Felix Klein, Marco Wurster, Nicole Stricker, Gisela Lanza ORCID Icon, Kai Furmans
Remanufacturing, previously characterized by manual and cost-intensive processes, is a critical step on the way to a resource-efficient circular economy. Industry and research agree that the introduction of Industry 4.0 technologies is the key to the development of automated and economical remanufacturing systems. Based on a systematic literature review, this paper is dedicated to the analysis of promising Industry 4.0 approaches with a focus on the overall process as well as the sub-processes of disassembly and inspection. The results suggest that there is a need for additional knowledge, experience and research in the development and real demonstration of the approaches and their transferability to broader application fields.
Industrie 4.0 Management | Volume 37 | 2021 | Edition 4 | Pages 37-40 | DOI 10.30844/I40M_21-4_S37-40
Smart Factory

Smart Factory

Reducing lead time in toolmaking by 90%
Christian Ludwig, Hilmar Gensert, Thomas Farrenkopf, Thomas Panske
Smart Factory is the vision of a production environment in which manufacturing plants and logistics systems organize themselves as far as possible without human intervention. The article describes a project, at the start of which none of the participants created a relation to “Smart Factory” or “Industry 4.0”. Rather, the objective was to drastically reduce the current delivery time of 6-8 weeks. The result is a completely digitized business process from order creation, product development, design, manufacturing as well as processing for “batch size 1” with a reduction in lead time to less than 10 %.
Industrie 4.0 Management | Volume 37 | 2021 | Edition 4 | Pages 29-33 | DOI 10.30844/I40M_21-4_S29-33
IT-supported Process Management

IT-supported Process Management

Status and Use Cases in the Construction Industry
Tim Scherzinger, Sabrina Guschlbauer, Fabian Diefenbach ORCID Icon
The construction industry has taken first steps towards digitalized processes with the use of Building Information Modeling (BIM) systems and the modelling of processes. However, there are few successful examples of IT-supported processes in the largely manual construction phase. This article provides insights from a practical study, which examined the implementation of a workflow management system as a potential next step.
Industrie 4.0 Management | Volume 37 | 2021 | Edition 3 | Pages 58-62 | DOI 10.30844/I40M_21-3_S58-62
Humans in Industry 4.0

Humans in Industry 4.0

A process model for a practice-oriented analysis
Sven Winkelhaus, Anke Sutter, Eric Grosse ORCID Icon, Stefan Morana
The development of Industry 4.0 changes the role of humans in operations systems. In sociotechnical systems, there is ongoing interaction between humans and technology, impacting human life and work. However, human factors are broadly ignored in research on Industry 4.0 technologies and implementation. In this work, a process model is described that supports the evaluation of the impact of a technology implementation on human factors and performance indicators. This can avoid negative consequences for employees as well as phantom profits and can contribute to a successful digital transformation.
Industrie 4.0 Management | Volume 37 | 2021 | Edition 3 | Pages 45-48 | DOI 10.30844/I40M_21-3_S45-48
Necessary Further Developments for the Success of Industry 4.0

Necessary Further Developments for the Success of Industry 4.0

Dirk Schmalzried
Based on known deficits, the article recommends measures for a successful realization of the concept Industry 4.0 on the levels “Business”, “Functional” and “Information” of the RAMI-4.0-Framework. The technical foundations to meet the expectations of Industry 4.0 and Smart Manufacturing are in place; a correction of the named deficits in the near future seems realistic.
Industrie 4.0 Management | Volume 36 | 2020 | Edition 5 | Pages 58-62
The Loop of Cognition

The Loop of Cognition

How “intelligence” is constellated on a silicon basis
Claus Riehle, Thorsten Pötter, Thomas Steckenreiter
In process engineering, one thinks of production operations that are controlled or regulated by sensors and actuators. And any realization of matter transformation is based on a physical substratum, which holds equally for living systems and their behaviour. The article distinguishes between three system levels: the functional level, the interface to the environment and the cognitive level of. Using these three levels, the learning cycle or the previous Cognitive Loop can be very well illustrated. If one compares with this way of distinction the Bio-Informatization of human intelligence with the technical development stages of mechanization, automation, regulation and deep learning, then the cybernetic-sociological term “operational closure” becomes understandable. It becomes obvious that in the context of a digitized culture of production and organization, we should be prepared for a new kind of cognitive loop based on silicon (SI), an intelligent system behavior via ...
Industrie 4.0 Management | Volume 36 | 2020 | Edition 2 | Pages 52-56 | DOI 10.30844/I40M_20-2_S52-56
Smart Objects – A Smart Alternative to Isolated Applications

Smart Objects - A Smart Alternative to Isolated Applications

von der Planung bis zum Betrieb
Timur Ripke, Sven Kägebein
Media disruption interferes with consistent and universal digitalization. Data is easily lost, time and resources wasted. Heterogeneous and isolated applications produce partial relief; however they fail to integrate redundant information from separately operated systems into a homogeneously processible data mass. The employment of a centralized data hub proposes a strategy to effectively advance digitalization in process management, connecting scheduling of involved parties, defect tracking and progress processes. It also automatizes reportings on project progress.
Industrie 4.0 Management | Volume 35 | 2019 | Edition 5 | Pages 21-24 | DOI 10.30844/I40M_19-5_S21-24
Changes in Practice, Identity, and Knowledge in the Industry 4.0

Changes in Practice, Identity, and Knowledge in the Industry 4.0

Barbara Kump
When digitalising and automating work processes, it is often overlooked that this can trigger serious changes for the organisation. This article shows that such changes can lead to an incongruence between “what an organization does” (practice), “what it can do” (knowledge) and “who it is” (identity). These incongruities must be overcome in order to implement change successfully. If managers are aware of this, many problems such as the collapse of existing routines, knowledge gaps or the departure of important employees can be foreseen and solved.
Industrie 4.0 Management | Volume 35 | 2019 | Edition 2 | Pages 18-22 | DOI 10.30844/I40M_19-2_S18-22
Digitization in Engineering

Digitization in Engineering

A procedure for the continuous, work-sharing modelling using the example of automation
Eike Schäffer, Lars Penczek, Andreas Mayr, Jupiter Bakakeu, Jörg Franke, Bernd Kuhlenkötter ORCID Icon
Digitization in engineering promises automated workflows, higher speed and lower costs in the development of automation solutions. The prerequisite for this is not only modularization based on a structured description language, but also uniform, interdependent modeling that ensures automated data exchange across system boundaries. In order to achieve a broad application, the underlying ontology should be based on existing norms and standards and be available in open source applications. However, the collaborative and consistent development of such an ontology requires a structured, methodical procedure and an associated modelling map that serves as an orientation for standardized, work-sharing modelling. A possible approach for the required procedure model and the related map will be presented in this article and validated using AutomationML. The presented approach should point out a possible direction and stimulate further process-controlled modelling efforts of ontologies.
Industrie 4.0 Management | Volume 35 | 2019 | Edition 1 | Pages 61-66 | DOI 10.30844/I40M_19-1_S61-66
Automation of Container Terminals

Automation of Container Terminals

Concept for the Design of a Pilot Installation and Emulation-Based Evaluation of Scalability
Sebastian Eberlein, Stephan Oelker, Joy Schumacher, Michael Freitag ORCID Icon
German sea and inland ports are of outstanding importance for Germany as a base for manufacturing and logistics. In the last decades, the port sector underwent several structural changes. Currently, the expected autonomation and digitalization of the entire supply chain create entirely new challenges for the port industry. In this context, the present article describes a planning approach for the development of an automated straddle carrier in northern German seaports. To evaluate both the reliability and the profitability of such an automated system, a planning approach, consisting of two fundamental steps, was chosen: (1) At first, in order to perform prototypical experiments, a pilot installation will be established in the area of the container terminal in Wilhelmshaven (CTW). (2) Based on this, the system’s suitability for the operative conditions in a mega container terminal is evaluated using a simulation and emulationbased planning approach.
Industrie 4.0 Management | Volume 34 | 2018 | Edition 6 | Pages 25-29
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