Industrie 4.0

Experts shape theses about the trends of Industrie 4.0 in the fields of human, technology and organisation. Whereas Industrie 4.0 often focuses on the intelligent networking of technical objects, this contribution considers human and organizational aspects of mechatronic engineering of manufacturing systems. Thereto, the theses of Industrie 4.0 are compared with the Agile Manifesto and agile principles using the example of the agile framework Scrum, showing that agile engineering can provide an innovative approach to the efficient job design and organisation in the age of Industrie 4.0.

Cyber-Physical Systems and the internet of things change the way we see management, production and even logistics processes. The research project “Smart Logistic Grids” uses a decentralized cloud-based management concept to reduce the risk of disruptions in logistics networks.

Germany is Europe’s most industrialized country. The close cooperation between industry and academia ensures rapid market entry of new technologies. The production is always an integrative character of disciplines in the implementation of an idea into a product. To meet the growing challenges in the high-wage countries, any potential must be raised by new technologies continuously. Right now the information and communication technology is a particularly prominent enabler.

Maintenance is an important factor for the effectiveness of production processes. As the degree of automation and interoperation of production equipment is increasing, the significance of equipment availability and thus of maintenance is increasing. At the moment, maintenance and service engineers spend a lot of time in retrieving and preparing information. In many cases the data of business information systems is not or only partly available to maintenance engineers. In the future, resource-cockpits on mobile devices will provide maintenance and service engineers with all necessary information in situ. This will be realised interactively, with little effort and in the right context.

As a result of continuously increasing economic constraints for the producing sector in Germany due to competitors from low-wage countries, production paradigms are changing substantially. This paradigm shift is characterized by rapidly advancing automation processes. Hence, highly complex Cyber-Physical Production Systems (CPPS) are developed and put into practice. In combination with decreasing numbers of staff and the resulting loss of knowledge, this leads to a deficit of competence required to handle the increasing complexity of CPPS. As a result, a need for innovative assistance systems arises for the support of the remaining employees. The given article describes the challenges and problems and drafts a potential technical solution as well as challenges concerning organization and staff.

Value Stream Mapping has been applied successfully in production and logistics scenarios. With the rise of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) in the context of Industry 4.0, the value-contribution of information itself is gaining importance. Therefore, the concept of Value Stream Mapping is extended to the field of information logistics. Key-processes and design variables are defined.

The number of cyber-physical systems (CPS) in industrial environments is growing based on the effort of projects like Industrie 4.0. CPS offer the potential to improve processes in modern value networks. By improving processes, especially jobs with no demand for qualified workers can be dispensed. Another effect are jobs being standardised, that they become very monotonous for the workers. For providing satisfying jobs especially for low qualified workers in future working environments some opportunities CPS offer were presented. First opportunities consumer devices offer were presented, second concepts for user-friendly human machine interfaces were illustrated.

The development of information and communication technologies (ICT) is progressing rapidly and is seen in today‘s economic action as a key driver of innovation. Future industrial production is characterized by a high degree of customization of products and a strong production flexibility. The rapid development of the Internet has contributed especially in recent years in the private life of merging the real with the virtual world and will get stronger in the future of industrial sector. This paradigm shift is referred to as Industry 4.0. This paper gives an overview of the Industry 4.0 and represents the potential of the transformation process.

Industry 4.0 is part of the high-tech strategy of the German government. It promotes the computerization of established industrial areas like  manufacturing. The Smart Factory, characterized by resource efficiency, consistency of processes, a common technological base and the usage of the “Internet of Things” is the strategic objective. Prof. Herkommer prefers to call this process “evolution” instead of “revolution”.

Automation technology moved into factories by the end of last century. Since then, production processes have changed dramatically worldwide. While companies first focused on optimizing interdepartmental collaboration, today the cross-company collaboration increasingly comes into focus. After all, in a globalized economy companies need to operate in networks. In order to cooperate efficiently and effectively in global supply chains, transparent structures and standards are indispensable. This applies first and foremost to the logistics.