{"id":94235,"date":"2021-06-15T12:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-06-15T10:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/?post_type=article&#038;p=94235"},"modified":"2025-08-03T16:34:26","modified_gmt":"2025-08-03T14:34:26","slug":"measuring-digitalization-a-sociotechnical-kpi-model-for-the-digital-transformation","status":"publish","type":"article","link":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/articles\/measuring-digitalization-a-sociotechnical-kpi-model-for-the-digital-transformation\/","title":{"rendered":"Measuring Digitalization"},"content":{"rendered":"<hr>\n<div class=\"gito-pub-content-bibliography\">\n<h2>Bibliography <\/h2>\n[1] Zimmermann, V.: KfW-Digitalisierungsbericht Mittelstand 2019. Digitalisierungsprojekte zunehmend im Mittelstand verbreitet, Digitalisierungsausgaben jedoch seit Jahren unver\u00e4ndert niedrig. Frankfurt am Main 2020.<br \/>\n[2] Kersten, W.; von See, B.; Lodemann, S.; Grotemeier, C.: Trends und Strategien in Logistik und Supply Chain Management. Entwicklungen und Perspektiven einer nachhaltigen und digitalen Transformation. Bremen 2020.<br \/>\n[3] Brink, S.; Levering, B.; Icks, A.: Herausforderungen des deutschen Mittelstands in der Corona-Pandemie. Sonderauswertung des Zukunftspanel Mittelstand 2020. Bonn 2020.<br \/>\n[4] Wrobel, M.; Schildhauer, T.; Prei\u00df, K.: Kooperation zwischen Startups und Mittelstand. Learn. Match. Partner. Berlin 2017.<br \/>\n[5] Nielen, S.; Kay, R.; Schr\u00f6der, C.: Disruptive Innovationen: Chancen und Risiken f\u00fcr den Mittelstand. Bonn 2017.<br \/>\n[6] Leyh, C.; Bley, K.: Digitalisierung: Chance oder Risiko f\u00fcr den deutschen Mittelstand? \u2013 Eine Studie ausgew\u00e4hlter Unternehmen. In: HMD Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik 53 (2016) 1, S. 29\u201341.<br \/>\n[7] Franceschini, F.; Galetto, M.; Maisano, D.; Neely, A. D.: Designing performance measurement systems. Theory and practice of key performance indicators. Cham 2019.<br \/>\n[8] Fink, A.: Conducting research literature reviews. From the internet to paper, Fourth edition. Thousand Oaks, California 2014.<br \/>\n[9] Krol, F.; Saeed, M. A.; Kersten, W.: A holistic digitalization KPI framework for the aerospace industry. In: Kersten, W.; Blecker, T.; Ringle, C. M. (Hrsg.): Proceedings of the Hamburg International Conference of Logistics (HICL)\/ Data Science and Innovation in Supply Chain Management. How Data Transforms the Value Chain. Berlin 2020.<br \/>\n[10]Konti\u0107, L.; Vidicki, \u0110.: Strategy for digital organization: Testing a measurement tool for digital transformation. In: Strategic Management 23 (2018) 2, S. 29\u201335.<br \/>\n[11] von See, B.; Kersten, W.: Arbeiten im Zeitalter des Internets der Dinge. Wie Qualifikation, Organisation und F\u00fchrung digital transformiert werden. In: Industrie 4.0 Management 34 (2018) 3, S. 8\u201312.<br \/>\n[12]Porf\u00edrio, J. A.; Carrilho, T.; Fel\u00edcio, J. A.; Jardim, J.: Leadership characteristics and digital transformation. In: Journal of Business Research 124 (2021), S. 610\u201319.<br \/>\n[13]Berghaus, S.; Back, A.; Kaltenrieder, B.: Digital Maturity &amp; Transformation Report 2017. St. Gallen 2017.<br \/>\n[14] Lichtblau, K.; Stich, V.; Bertenrath, R.; Blum, M.; Bleider, M.; Millac, A.; Schmitt, K.; Schmitz, E.; Schroeter, M.: Industrie 4.0 Readiness. Aachen, Cologne 2015.<br \/>\n[15]Waspodo, B.; Ratnawati, S.; Halifi, R.: Building Digital Strategy Plan at CV Anugrah Prima, an Information Technology Service Company: The 6th International Conference on Cyber and IT Service Management (CITSM 2018) 2018.<br \/>\n[16]Azhari, P.; Faraby, N.; Rossmann, A.; Steimel, B.; Wichman, K. S.: Digital Transformation Report. K\u00f6ln 2014.<br \/>\n[17]Deloitte: Digital Maturity Model. Achieving digital maturity to drive growth. New York 2018.<br \/>\n[18]BSP Business School Berlin: Mitelstand im Wandel &#8211; Wie ein Unternehmen seinen digitalen Reifegrad ermitteln kann. Berlin 2016.<br \/>\n[19]KPMG: Digital Readiness Assessment. Berlin 2016.<br \/>\n[20]Buhse, W.: Management by Internet. Neue F\u00fchrungsmodelle f\u00fcr Unternehmen in Zeiten der digitalen Transformation; Unternehmen im Wandel, digitale Medien als Werkzeugkoffer f\u00fcr Ver\u00e4nderer, Vernetzung, Offenheit, Partizipation und Agilit\u00e4t als Werte einer neuen Unternehmenskultur. Kulmbach 2014.<br \/>\n[21] EFQM: EFQM Excellence Modell. Brussels 2012.<br \/>\n[22] Stowasser, S.; Peschl, A.: Arbeitswelt im Wandel: Qualifizierung zu resilienzf\u00f6rdernder F\u00fchrung. In: Spath, D.; Spanner-Ulmer, B. (Hrsg.): Digitale Transformation \u2013 Gutes Arbeiten und Qualifizierung aktiv gestalten. Berlin 2019.<br \/>\n[23]Geissbauer, R.; Vedso, J.; Schrauf, S.: Industry 4.0: Building the digital enterprise 2016.<br \/>\n[24]Kersten, W.; Seiter, M.; See, B. von; Hackius, N.; Maurer, T.: Chancen der digitalen Transformation. Trends und Strategien in Logistik und Supply Chain Management. Hamburg 2017.<br \/>\n[25] European Commission: The Digital Economy and Societyx Index (DESI). Integration of Digital Technology. URL: https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/ newsroom\/dae\/document. cfm?doc_id=59979. Abrufdatum 08.04.2020.<br \/>\n[26] Schumacher, A.; Erol, S.; Sihn, W.: A Maturity Model for Assessing Industry 4.0 Readiness and Maturity of Manufacturing Enterprises. In: Procedia CIRP 52 (2016), S. 161\u201366.<br \/>\n[27]Kotarba, M.: Measuring Digitalization &#8211; Key Metrics. In: Foundations of Management 9 (2017), S. 123\u201338. [28]Dombrowski, U.; Wullbrandt, J.; Fochler, S.: Kompetenzentwicklung in der digitalen Transformation: dezentrales und lebenslanges Lernen im Arbeitsprozess. In: Spath, D.; Spanner-Ulmer, B. (Hrsg.): Digitale Transformation \u2013 Gutes Arbeiten und Qualifizierung aktiv gestalten. Berlin 2019.<\/div>\n<div id=\"download-section\" class=\"gito-pub-download-section\" style=\"text-align:center;margin:20px;\">\n<h2>Your downloads<\/h2>\n<p><button style=\"font-size:14px;margin-right:15px;\" class=\"button gito-pub-cpt-download-button\" data-postid=\"94235\" data-userid =\"0\" data-filename=\"krol_Digitalisierung-messbar-machen-IM_3-2021.pdf\"><span style=\"margin-top:5px !important;\" class=\"dashicons dashicons-download\"><\/span>&nbsp;&nbsp;PDF<\/button><\/div>\n<br>Potentials: <span class=\"gito-pub-tag-element\"><a href=\"\/potentials\/profitability\/\">Profitability<\/a><\/span> <div class=\"gito-pub-tags-social-share\" style=\"display:flex;justify-content:space-between;\"><div>Tags: <span class=\"gito-pub-tag-element\"><a href=\"\/tag\/digitale-transformation-en\/\">Digitale Transformation<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"gito-pub-tag-element\"><a href=\"\/tag\/industrie-4-0-en\/\">Industrie 4.0<\/a><\/span> <\/div><div><div class=\"social-icons share-icons share-row relative\" ><a href=\"whatsapp:\/\/send?text=Measuring%20Digitalization - https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/articles\/measuring-digitalization-a-sociotechnical-kpi-model-for-the-digital-transformation\/\" data-action=\"share\/whatsapp\/share\" class=\"icon button circle is-outline tooltip whatsapp show-for-medium\" title=\"Share on WhatsApp\" aria-label=\"Share on WhatsApp\"><i class=\"icon-whatsapp\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer.php?u=https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/articles\/measuring-digitalization-a-sociotechnical-kpi-model-for-the-digital-transformation\/\" data-label=\"Facebook\" onclick=\"window.open(this.href,this.title,'width=500,height=500,top=300px,left=300px'); 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return false;\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"icon button circle is-outline tooltip linkedin\" title=\"Share on LinkedIn\" aria-label=\"Share on LinkedIn\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><i class=\"icon-linkedin\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><hr style=\"margin-top:0px;\">\n<h2 class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-headline\">You might also be interested in<\/h2>\n<!-- GITO_PUB_POST start flex-container -->\n<div class=\"gito-pub-flex-container\">\n   <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card gito-pub-flex-item gito-pub-flex-item-1\">\n      <a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/articles\/from-private-law-to-private-ordering\/\">\n         <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-row\">         <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column-image\">\n            <picture>\n               <source media=\"(max-width:640px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Romeike_AdobeStock_2042534786_DC-Studio-640x325.jpg\">\n               <source media=\"(min-width:641px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Romeike_AdobeStock_2042534786_DC-Studio-196x180.jpg\">\n               <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-image\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Romeike_AdobeStock_2042534786_DC-Studio-196x180.jpg\" alt=\"From Private Law to Private Ordering\">\n            <\/picture>\n         <\/div>\n            <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column\">               <div class=\"ellipsis\" style=\"height:166px !important;overflow:hidden;\" title=\"From Private Law to Private Ordering\">                  <table class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-header\">\n            \t     <tr>\n                        <td>                  \t\t   <h4 class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-title\" style=\"line-height:1.2em;\">From Private Law to Private Ordering<\/h4>\n                        <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-subtitle\">Rule-making through industrial digital platforms<\/div>                        <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-author\"><a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/authors\/pia-c-romeike\/\">Pia C. Romeike<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/authors\/frederik-baer\/\">Frederik B\u00e4r<\/a><\/div>\n                        <\/td>\n                     <\/tr>\n                  <\/table>\n                  <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-text\">\n                     Industrial digital platforms are considered the driving force behind digital value creation, yet legally they largely operate in a gray area. This article examines what defines industrial digital platforms and what legal framework applies to them. Existing platform regulations apply only to a limited extent to industrial digital platforms, which is why these platforms often establish their own legal framework through their terms and conditions. The article also explores the implications of European regulation, power asymmetries, and the opportunities and limitations of private regulation.                  <\/div>\n               <\/div>\n               <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-scientific\"><strong>Industry 4.0 Science<\/strong> | Volume 42 | 2026 | Edition 4 | Pages 98-105 | DOI <a style=\"font-weight:bold !important;\" href=\"10.30844\/I4SD.26.4.10\" target=\"_blank\">10.30844\/I4SD.26.4.10<\/a><\/div>            <\/div>\n         <\/div>\n      <\/a>\n   <\/div>\n   <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card gito-pub-flex-item gito-pub-flex-item-1\">\n      <a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/articles\/industry-4-0-digitalization-limbo\/\">\n         <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-row\">         <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column-image\">\n            <picture>\n               <source media=\"(max-width:640px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Donhauser_AdobeStock_507850396_Gorodenkoff-640x325.webp\">\n               <source media=\"(min-width:641px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Donhauser_AdobeStock_507850396_Gorodenkoff-196x180.webp\">\n               <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-image\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Donhauser_AdobeStock_507850396_Gorodenkoff-196x180.webp\" alt=\"Industry 4.0\u2014Progress and Digitalization in Limbo\">\n            <\/picture>\n         <\/div>\n            <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column\">               <div class=\"ellipsis\" style=\"height:166px !important;overflow:hidden;\" title=\"Industry 4.0\u2014Progress and Digitalization in Limbo\">                  <table class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-header\">\n            \t     <tr>\n                        <td>                  \t\t   <h4 class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-title\" style=\"line-height:1.2em;\">Industry 4.0\u2014Progress and Digitalization in Limbo<\/h4>\n                        <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-subtitle\">Status of sustainable transformation and digitalization in production engineering<\/div>                        <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-author\"><a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/authors\/christian-donhauser\/\">Christian Donhauser<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-0366-1828\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"ORCID eintrag \u00f6ffnen.\" rel=\"noopener\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/assets\/vectors\/orcid.logo.icon.svg\" alt=\"ORCID Icon\" style=\"width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:middle;\"><\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/authors\/daniel-riepl\/\">Daniel Riepl<\/a><\/div>\n                        <\/td>\n                     <\/tr>\n                  <\/table>\n                  <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-text\">\n                     <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-abo-sign gito-pub-login-register-link\" data-targetabo=\"expert\" data-targeturl=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/articles\/industry-4-0-digitalization-limbo\/\" title=\"please login or register - content can only be read in its entirety with a subscription  expert\">\n\t\t\t                         <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/gito-publisher\/img\/i4s-login.png\">\n\t\t\t                      <\/div>Digitalization projects help users represent complex processes more simply and efficiently. However, there are many obstacles to implementation. Reluctance to implement these projects is palpable. This affects, among others, employers and employees, who may fall behind economically by waiting or avoiding change. These observations can be traced back to an overarching research question: What barriers and systemic challenges hinder sustainable transformation within the context of Industry 4.0, particularly when considering human labor in production engineering? What questions are the affected stakeholders asking? The primary goal of this long-term research project is to define these questions decisively and in detail in order to develop a conceptual foundation that integrates research, teaching, and technological development and thus combines the potential of digital technologies with the experiential and practical knowledge of production workers.                  <\/div>\n               <\/div>\n               <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-scientific\"><strong>Industry 4.0 Science<\/strong> | Volume 42 | 2026 | Edition 3 | Pages 56-60<\/div>            <\/div>\n         <\/div>\n      <\/a>\n   <\/div>\n   <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card gito-pub-flex-item gito-pub-flex-item-1\">\n      <a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/articles\/application-potentials-of-chinese-knowledge-platforms\/\">\n         <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-row\">         <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column-image\">\n            <picture>\n               <source media=\"(max-width:640px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Braun-640x325.jpg\">\n               <source media=\"(min-width:641px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Braun-196x180.jpg\">\n               <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-image\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Braun-196x180.jpg\" alt=\"Application Potentials of Chinese Knowledge Platforms\">\n            <\/picture>\n         <\/div>\n            <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column\">               <div class=\"ellipsis\" style=\"height:166px !important;overflow:hidden;\" title=\"Application Potentials of Chinese Knowledge Platforms\">                  <table class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-header\">\n            \t     <tr>\n                        <td>                  \t\t   <h4 class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-title\" style=\"line-height:1.2em;\">Application Potentials of Chinese Knowledge Platforms<\/h4>\n                        <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-subtitle\">Digital platforms for knowledge transfer in research and education<\/div>                        <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-author\"><a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/authors\/yunhao-su\/\">Yunhao Su<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/authors\/martin-braun-en\/\">Martin Braun<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0857-6760\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"ORCID eintrag \u00f6ffnen.\" rel=\"noopener\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/assets\/vectors\/orcid.logo.icon.svg\" alt=\"ORCID Icon\" style=\"width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:middle;\"><\/a><\/div>\n                        <\/td>\n                     <\/tr>\n                  <\/table>\n                  <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-text\">\n                     <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-abo-sign gito-pub-login-register-link\" data-targetabo=\"expert\" data-targeturl=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/articles\/application-potentials-of-chinese-knowledge-platforms\/\" title=\"please login or register - content can only be read in its entirety with a subscription  expert\">\n\t\t\t                         <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/gito-publisher\/img\/i4s-login.png\">\n\t\t\t                      <\/div>Knowledge drives innovation, which is why digital platforms are increasingly used for knowledge transfer. The People\u2019s Republic of China (PRC) is a global leader in digitalization and digital platforms are central to Chinese knowledge transfer and innovation systems. This study supplements theoretical concepts of knowledge transfer with empirical findings on the (further) development of relevant knowledge platforms. It examines the influence of specific design features on the functionality and quality of digital knowledge platforms. A literature review identifies seven condensed success criteria. Nine leading Chinese knowledge platforms are categorized based on their transfer logic and functional scope. Online survey participants assess the platform-specific manifestations of the identified criteria and highlight potential and areas for improvement in platform-based knowledge transfer.                  <\/div>\n               <\/div>\n               <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-scientific\"><strong>Industry 4.0 Science<\/strong> | Volume 42 | 2026 | Edition 3 | Pages 84-93<\/div>            <\/div>\n         <\/div>\n      <\/a>\n   <\/div>\n   <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card gito-pub-flex-item gito-pub-flex-item-1\">\n      <a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/articles\/vr-training-for-multimodal-cobot-interaction\/\">\n         <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-row\">         <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column-image\">\n            <picture>\n               <source media=\"(max-width:640px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/zoller-640x325.jpg\">\n               <source media=\"(min-width:641px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/zoller-196x180.jpg\">\n               <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-image\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/zoller-196x180.jpg\" alt=\"VR Training for Multimodal Cobot Interaction\">\n            <\/picture>\n         <\/div>\n            <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column\">               <div class=\"ellipsis\" style=\"height:166px !important;overflow:hidden;\" title=\"VR Training for Multimodal Cobot Interaction\">                  <table class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-header\">\n            \t     <tr>\n                        <td>                  \t\t   <h4 class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-title\" style=\"line-height:1.2em;\">VR Training for Multimodal Cobot Interaction<\/h4>\n                        <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-subtitle\">Virtual learning environments for  collaborative robots<\/div>                        <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-author\"><a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/authors\/christoph-s-zoller-en\/\">Christoph S. Zoller<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/authors\/justus-langer\/\">Justus Langer<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/authors\/kristoffer-waldow\/\">Kristoffer Waldow<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5176-7530\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"ORCID eintrag \u00f6ffnen.\" rel=\"noopener\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/assets\/vectors\/orcid.logo.icon.svg\" alt=\"ORCID Icon\" style=\"width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:middle;\"><\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/authors\/merle-meyer\/\">Merle Meyer<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/authors\/arnulph-fuhrmann\/\">Arnulph Fuhrmann<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5118-5461\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"ORCID eintrag \u00f6ffnen.\" rel=\"noopener\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/assets\/vectors\/orcid.logo.icon.svg\" alt=\"ORCID Icon\" style=\"width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:middle;\"><\/a><\/div>\n                        <\/td>\n                     <\/tr>\n                  <\/table>\n                  <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-text\">\n                     The VIRAMM research project is developing and prototyping a VR-based training concept for the integration of collaborative robots (cobots) in assembly-oriented U-cells. Since the benefits of cobots depend heavily on process, layout, and role integration, VIRAMM addresses the previously lacking consistent scenario design for variant comparisons with Key Performance Indicator (KPI)-based evaluation.                  <\/div>\n               <\/div>\n               <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-scientific\"><strong>Industry 4.0 Science<\/strong> | Volume 42 | 2026 | Edition 3 | Pages 106-112<\/div>            <\/div>\n         <\/div>\n      <\/a>\n   <\/div>\n   <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card gito-pub-flex-item gito-pub-flex-item-1\">\n      <a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/articles\/decentralized-coordination-of-amrs\/\">\n         <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-row\">         <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column-image\">\n            <picture>\n               <source media=\"(max-width:640px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Savadogo-640x325.jpg\">\n               <source media=\"(min-width:641px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Savadogo-196x180.jpg\">\n               <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-image\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Savadogo-196x180.jpg\" alt=\"Decentralized Coordination of AMRs\">\n            <\/picture>\n         <\/div>\n            <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column\">               <div class=\"ellipsis\" style=\"height:166px !important;overflow:hidden;\" title=\"Decentralized Coordination of AMRs\">                  <table class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-header\">\n            \t     <tr>\n                        <td>                  \t\t   <h4 class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-title\" style=\"line-height:1.2em;\">Decentralized Coordination of AMRs<\/h4>\n                        <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-subtitle\">Regulations for Autonomous Mobile Robots<\/div>                        <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-author\"><a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/authors\/manuel-savadogo\/\">Manuel Savadogo<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/authors\/malte-stonis-en\/\">Malte Stonis<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5957-3469\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"ORCID eintrag \u00f6ffnen.\" rel=\"noopener\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/assets\/vectors\/orcid.logo.icon.svg\" alt=\"ORCID Icon\" style=\"width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:middle;\"><\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/authors\/peter-nyhuis-en\/\">Peter Nyhuis<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4509-4114\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"ORCID eintrag \u00f6ffnen.\" rel=\"noopener\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/assets\/vectors\/orcid.logo.icon.svg\" alt=\"ORCID Icon\" style=\"width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:middle;\"><\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/authors\/juergen-hupp\/\">J\u00fcrgen Hupp<\/a><\/div>\n                        <\/td>\n                     <\/tr>\n                  <\/table>\n                  <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-text\">\n                     <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-abo-sign gito-pub-login-register-link\" data-targetabo=\"expert\" data-targeturl=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/articles\/decentralized-coordination-of-amrs\/\" title=\"please login or register - content can only be read in its entirety with a subscription  expert\">\n\t\t\t                         <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/gito-publisher\/img\/i4s-login.png\">\n\t\t\t                      <\/div>The increasing automation of intralogistics requires flexible and resilient control concepts for Autonomous Mobile Robots (AMR). While centralized coordination approaches enable stringent control, they quickly reach their limits in terms of scalability and robustness. This paper therefore presents regulations for the decentralized coordination of AMR within the framework of the ORPHEUS project. The focus is on translating known decentralized decision-making principles into a rule framework tailored to industrial material flow scenarios, addressing both operational task assignment and safety-related conflict situations. ORPHEUS thus makes a significant contribution to the methodological structuring, parameterization, and practical transferability of decentralized coordination logics.                  <\/div>\n               <\/div>\n               <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-scientific\"><strong>Industry 4.0 Science<\/strong> | Volume 42 | 2026 | Edition 3 | Pages 96-105<\/div>            <\/div>\n         <\/div>\n      <\/a>\n   <\/div>\n   <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card gito-pub-flex-item gito-pub-flex-item-1\">\n      <a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/articles\/immersive-human-digital-twins-4ir\/\">\n         <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-row\">         <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column-image\">\n            <picture>\n               <source media=\"(max-width:640px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/AdobeStock_1511873404-640x325.webp\">\n               <source media=\"(min-width:641px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/AdobeStock_1511873404-196x180.webp\">\n               <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-image\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/AdobeStock_1511873404-196x180.webp\" alt=\"Immersive Human Digital Twins for Industry 4.0\">\n            <\/picture>\n         <\/div>\n            <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column\">               <div class=\"ellipsis\" style=\"height:166px !important;overflow:hidden;\" title=\"Immersive Human Digital Twins for Industry 4.0\">                  <table class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-header\">\n            \t     <tr>\n                        <td>                  \t\t   <h4 class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-title\" style=\"line-height:1.2em;\">Immersive Human Digital Twins for Industry 4.0<\/h4>\n                        <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-subtitle\">Supporting adaptive human-centric production by integrating cognitive and physical states<\/div>                        <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-author\"><a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/authors\/tajbeed-a-chowdhury\/\">Tajbeed A. Chowdhury<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-5941-4160\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"ORCID eintrag \u00f6ffnen.\" rel=\"noopener\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/assets\/vectors\/orcid.logo.icon.svg\" alt=\"ORCID Icon\" style=\"width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:middle;\"><\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/authors\/martina-lehser\/\">Martina Lehser<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-9989-3301\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"ORCID eintrag \u00f6ffnen.\" rel=\"noopener\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/assets\/vectors\/orcid.logo.icon.svg\" alt=\"ORCID Icon\" style=\"width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:middle;\"><\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/authors\/eric-wagner\/\">Eric Wagner<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-7887-1248\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"ORCID eintrag \u00f6ffnen.\" rel=\"noopener\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/assets\/vectors\/orcid.logo.icon.svg\" alt=\"ORCID Icon\" style=\"width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:middle;\"><\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/authors\/paul-motzki-en\/\">Paul Motzki<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9903-2018\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"ORCID eintrag \u00f6ffnen.\" rel=\"noopener\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/assets\/vectors\/orcid.logo.icon.svg\" alt=\"ORCID Icon\" style=\"width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:middle;\"><\/a><\/div>\n                        <\/td>\n                     <\/tr>\n                  <\/table>\n                  <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-text\">\n                     The rapid advancement of immersive technologies has created new opportunities to transform human-machine collaboration in industry. This paper presents an immersive platform with a digital twin that combines both physical and cognitive characteristics of human dynamics. By integrating multimodal sensing, human biomechanics, and cognitive state into digital twin technology, the proposed system enhances operational safety and ensures better ergonomics. The main argument is that human digital twins are not only desirable but essential for next-generation industrial systems. We discuss the limitations of existing human modeling approaches, outline the conceptual foundations of human digital twins, and demonstrate their industrial relevance across safety, productivity, ergonomics and sustainability.                  <\/div>\n               <\/div>\n               <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-scientific\"><strong>Industry 4.0 Science<\/strong> | Volume 42 | 2026 | Edition 3 | Pages 6-13 | DOI <a style=\"font-weight:bold !important;\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.30844\/I4SE.26.3.1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">10.30844\/I4SE.26.3.1<\/a><\/div>            <\/div>\n         <\/div>\n      <\/a>\n   <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- GITO_PUB_POST end flex-container -->\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A successful digital transformation for attaining Industry 4.0, is a crucial success criterion for many companies today. The ongoing global COVID-19 pandemic has shown the need for digitalization in companies and has further accelerated this development. However, these times, companies are confronted with an uncertain order and profit situation. Thus, they need to allocate their investments purposefully. Evaluating the digital maturity by using a profound indicator system is therefore a sound basis for decision making. This paper develops such a sociotechnical KPI model along the dimensions \u201cStrategy and Organizational Leadership\u201d, \u201cDigital Skills\/Human Capital\u201d as well as \u201cSmart Process\/Operations\u201d. In the future, this model can be used for determining the digital maturity and thus, it can be applied for allocating digitalization investments.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":96043,"menu_order":0,"template":"","categories":[79167,79168,79298],"tags":[79504,79627],"product_cat":[],"topic":[68206],"technology":[],"knowhow":[],"industry":[],"writer":[82543,83335,80552],"content-type":[],"potential":[67658],"solution":[],"glossary":[],"class_list":["post-94235","article","type-article","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","category-design-en","category-translate-en","category-typeset","tag-digitale-transformation-en","tag-industrie-4-0-en","topic-industry-4-0","writer-birgit-von-see-en","writer-felix-krol-en","writer-wolfgang-kersten-en","potential-profitability","product","first","instock","downloadable","virtual","sold-individually","taxable","purchasable","product-type-article"],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/krol_Digitalisierung-messbar-machen-IM_3-2021-1400x788.jpg",1400,788,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/krol_Digitalisierung-messbar-machen-IM_3-2021-1400x788-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/krol_Digitalisierung-messbar-machen-IM_3-2021-1400x788-666x375.jpg",666,375,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/krol_Digitalisierung-messbar-machen-IM_3-2021-1400x788-768x432.jpg",768,432,true],"large":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/krol_Digitalisierung-messbar-machen-IM_3-2021-1400x788-1024x576.jpg",1020,574,true],"front-page-entry":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/krol_Digitalisierung-messbar-machen-IM_3-2021-1400x788-1032x320.jpg",1032,320,true],"post-entry":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/krol_Digitalisierung-messbar-machen-IM_3-2021-1400x788-764x376.jpg",764,376,true],"post-teaser":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/krol_Digitalisierung-messbar-machen-IM_3-2021-1400x788-392x320.jpg",392,320,true],"post-teaser-mobile":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/krol_Digitalisierung-messbar-machen-IM_3-2021-1400x788-608x496.jpg",608,496,true],"post-custom-size":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/krol_Digitalisierung-messbar-machen-IM_3-2021-1400x788-640x325.jpg",640,325,true],"whitepaper-teaser":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/krol_Digitalisierung-messbar-machen-IM_3-2021-1400x788-274x376.jpg",274,376,true],"card-big":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/krol_Digitalisierung-messbar-machen-IM_3-2021-1400x788-514x292.jpg",514,292,true],"card-portrait":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/krol_Digitalisierung-messbar-machen-IM_3-2021-1400x788-320x440.jpg",320,440,true],"card-big-company":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/krol_Digitalisierung-messbar-machen-IM_3-2021-1400x788-514x289.jpg",514,289,true],"gp-listing":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/krol_Digitalisierung-messbar-machen-IM_3-2021-1400x788-196x180.jpg",196,180,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/krol_Digitalisierung-messbar-machen-IM_3-2021-1400x788.jpg",1400,788,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/krol_Digitalisierung-messbar-machen-IM_3-2021-1400x788.jpg",1400,788,false],"woocommerce_thumbnail":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/krol_Digitalisierung-messbar-machen-IM_3-2021-1400x788-510x510.jpg",510,510,true],"woocommerce_single":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/krol_Digitalisierung-messbar-machen-IM_3-2021-1400x788-510x287.jpg",510,287,true],"woocommerce_gallery_thumbnail":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/krol_Digitalisierung-messbar-machen-IM_3-2021-1400x788-100x100.jpg",100,100,true],"dgwt-wcas-product-suggestion":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/krol_Digitalisierung-messbar-machen-IM_3-2021-1400x788-64x36.jpg",64,36,true]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Christoph Brocks","author_link":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/author\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"A successful digital transformation for attaining Industry 4.0, is a crucial success criterion for many companies today. The ongoing global COVID-19 pandemic has shown the need for digitalization in companies and has further accelerated this development. However, these times, companies are confronted with an uncertain order and profit situation. Thus, they need to allocate their&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/article\/94235","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/article"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/article"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/96043"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=94235"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=94235"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=94235"},{"taxonomy":"product_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_cat?post=94235"},{"taxonomy":"topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/topic?post=94235"},{"taxonomy":"technology","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/technology?post=94235"},{"taxonomy":"knowhow","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowhow?post=94235"},{"taxonomy":"industry","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/industry?post=94235"},{"taxonomy":"writer","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/writer?post=94235"},{"taxonomy":"content-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/content-type?post=94235"},{"taxonomy":"potential","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/potential?post=94235"},{"taxonomy":"solution","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/solution?post=94235"},{"taxonomy":"glossary","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary?post=94235"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}