{"id":94143,"date":"2021-02-15T12:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-02-15T12:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/?post_type=article&#038;p=94143"},"modified":"2024-04-16T16:16:38","modified_gmt":"2024-04-16T14:16:38","slug":"global-value-chains-in-times-of-covid-19","status":"publish","type":"article","link":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/articles\/global-value-chains-in-times-of-covid-19\/","title":{"rendered":"Global Value Chains in Times of Covid-19"},"content":{"rendered":"<hr>\n<div class=\"gito-pub-content-bibliography\">\n<h2>Bibliography <\/h2>\n[1] Ahir, H.; Bloom, N.; Furceri, D.: The World Uncertainty Index, mimeo (2020). URL: https:\/\/ www.policyuncertainty.com\/ wui_quarterly.html, Abrufdatum 01.12.2020.<br \/>\n[2] Rupprecht, M.: Strafz\u00f6lle, Handelskriege und die (ungeahnten) Folgen f\u00fcr die Welt. In: Rupprecht, M. (Hrsg): Wirtschaft am Scheideweg \u2013 Corona, Brexit, Handelskriege und mehr. Stuttgart 2020.<br \/>\n[3] Bloom, N.: Fluctuations in uncertainty. In: Journal of Economic Perspectives 28 (2014) 2, S. 153-176.<br \/>\n[4] Deutsche Bundesbank: Gesamtwirtschaftliche Auswirkungen von Unsicherheit. In: Monatsbericht Oktober (2018), S. 49-65.<br \/>\n[5] Azqueta-Gavald\u00f3n, A.; Hirschb\u00fchl, D.; Onorante, L.; Saiz, L.: Economic policy uncertainty in the euro area: an unsupervised machine learning approach. ECB Working Paper Nr. 2359 (2020), Frankfurt. URL: https:\/\/www.ecb. europa.eu\/pub\/pdf\/scpwps\/ ecb.wp2359~16167a2566. en.pdf, Abrufdatum 01.12.2020 [6] Sachverst\u00e4ndigenrat zur Begutachtung der gesamtwirtschaftlichen Entwicklung: Konjunkturprognose 2020 und 2021. URL: https:\/\/ www.sachverstaendigenrat-wirtschaft.de\/fileadmin\/ dateiablage\/Konjunkturprognosen\/2020\/KJ2020_Gesamtausgabe.pdf, Abrufdatum 01.12.2020.<br \/>\n[7] ifo Institut: Die Fahrradh\u00e4ndler sind die Gewinner der Krise. Pressemitteilung vom 20.08.2020. URL: www.ifo.de\/ node\/57598, Abrufdatum 01.09.2020. [8] Bachmann, R.; Carstensen, K.; Lautenbacher, S.; Schneider, M.: Unsicherheit und Besch\u00e4ftigungsabbau in der Coronakrise. In: ifo Schnelldienst Digital (2020) 9, S. 1-4.<br \/>\n[9] ifo Institut: Firmen erwarten normale Gesch\u00e4ftslage wieder in 11 Monaten. Pressemitteilung vom 13.08.2020. URL: www.ifo.de\/node\/57429, Abrufdatum 31.08.2020.<br \/>\n[10] Antr\u00e0s, P.: Conceptual aspects of global value chains. In: The World Bank Economic Review, im Erscheinen.<br \/>\n[11] Quaglietti, L.; Cigna, S.: The great trade collapse of 2020 and the amplifi cation role of global value chains. In: ECB Economic Bulletin (2020) 5, S. 32-36.<br \/>\n[12] Petersen, T.: Globale Lieferketten zwischen Effi zienz und Resilienz. In: ifo Schnelldienst 73 (2020) 5, S. 7-10.<br \/>\n[13] Flach, L.; Aichele, R.; Braml, M.: Status quo und Zukunft globaler Lieferketten. In: ifo Schnelldienst 73 (2020) 5, S. 16-22.<br \/>\n[14] Fries, J.; Garnadt, N.; Grimm, V.; N\u00f6h, L.: Europa in der Corona-Kris: Europ\u00e4ische Lieferketten m\u00fcssen europ\u00e4ische wiederbelebt werden. In: Wirtschaftsdienst 100 (2020) 6, S. 410-415. [15]Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Wirtschaft und Energie: Altmaier: \u201eKrise hat Verwundbarkeit globaler Lieferketten offengelegt. F\u00fcr einen Ausbau und Diversifizierung brauchen wir eine starke WTO\u201c. Pressemitteilung vom 09.06.2020. URL: www.bmwi.de\/Redaktion\/DE\/Pressemitteilungen\/2020\/20200609-altmaier-krise-hat-ver &#8211; wundbarkeit-globaler-lieferketten-offengelegt.html, Abrufdatum 31.08.2020. [16]World Trade Organization: Global Value Chain Development Report 2019: Technological innovation, supply chain trade, and workers in a globalized world, Genf 2019.<br \/>\n[17] Lang, T.: Mittelst\u00e4ndische Unternehmen in europ\u00e4ischen Wertsch\u00f6pfungsketten. Studie des Instituts der deutschen Wirtschaft f\u00fcr die KfW. URL: https:\/\/www.kfw. de\/PDF\/Download-Center\/ Konzernthemen\/Research\/ PDF-Dokumente-Studien-und-Materialien\/Studie_Mittelst%C3%A4ndische-Unternehmen-in-europ%C3%A4ischen-Wertsch%C3%B6pfungsketten. pdf, Abrufdatum 01.12.2020.<br \/>\n[18] Stadler, H., Kilger, C.: Supply Chain Management and Advanced Planing, 4 Auflage. Heidelberg 2008. [19]Balz., U.; Rupprecht, M.; Wolf, J.: Effiziente Wege zur Gew\u00e4hrleistung der Versorgungssicherheit bei importierten kritischen G\u00fctern. In: Der Betrieb Spezial 1 (2020) 20, S. 2-4.<\/div>\n<div id=\"download-section\" class=\"gito-pub-download-section\" style=\"text-align:center;margin:20px;\">\n<h2>Your downloads<\/h2>\n<p><button style=\"font-size:14px;margin-right:15px;\" class=\"button gito-pub-cpt-download-button\" data-postid=\"94143\" data-userid =\"0\" data-filename=\"rupprecht_Globale-Wertsch\u00f6pfungsketten-in-Zeiten-von-Covid-19_IM2021_1.pdf\"><span style=\"margin-top:5px !important;\" class=\"dashicons dashicons-download\"><\/span>&nbsp;&nbsp;PDF<\/button><\/div>\n<br>Potentials: <span class=\"gito-pub-tag-element\"><a href=\"\/potentials\/globalization\/\">Globalization<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"gito-pub-tag-element\"><a href=\"\/potentials\/profitability\/\">Profitability<\/a><\/span> <div class=\"gito-pub-tags-social-share\" style=\"display:flex;justify-content:space-between;\"><div>Tags: <span class=\"gito-pub-tag-element\"><a href=\"\/tag\/covid-19\/\">COVID-19<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"gito-pub-tag-element\"><a href=\"\/tag\/covid-19-en\/\">COVID-19<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"gito-pub-tag-element\"><a href=\"\/tag\/pandemic\/\">pandemic<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"gito-pub-tag-element\"><a href=\"\/tag\/production-networks\/\">production networks<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"gito-pub-tag-element\"><a href=\"\/tag\/uncertainty\/\">uncertainty<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"gito-pub-tag-element\"><a href=\"\/tag\/value-chains\/\">value chains<\/a><\/span> <\/div><div><div class=\"social-icons share-icons share-row relative\" ><a href=\"whatsapp:\/\/send?text=Global%20Value%20Chains%20in%20Times%20of%20Covid-19 - https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/articles\/global-value-chains-in-times-of-covid-19\/\" data-action=\"share\/whatsapp\/share\" class=\"icon button circle is-outline tooltip whatsapp show-for-medium\" title=\"Share on WhatsApp\" aria-label=\"Share on WhatsApp\"><i class=\"icon-whatsapp\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer.php?u=https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/articles\/global-value-chains-in-times-of-covid-19\/\" data-label=\"Facebook\" onclick=\"window.open(this.href,this.title,'width=500,height=500,top=300px,left=300px'); 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return false;\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"icon button circle is-outline tooltip linkedin\" title=\"Share on LinkedIn\" aria-label=\"Share on LinkedIn\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><i class=\"icon-linkedin\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><hr style=\"margin-top:0px;\">\n<h2 class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-headline\">You might also be interested in<\/h2>\n<!-- GITO_PUB_POST start flex-container -->\n<div class=\"gito-pub-flex-container\">\n   <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card gito-pub-flex-item gito-pub-flex-item-1\">\n      <a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/articles\/learning-factories-future-brazil\/\">\n         <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-row\">         <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column-image\">\n            <picture>\n               <source media=\"(max-width:640px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/AdobeStock_521020784_Gorodenkoff-640x325.webp\">\n               <source media=\"(min-width:641px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/AdobeStock_521020784_Gorodenkoff-196x180.webp\">\n               <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-image\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/AdobeStock_521020784_Gorodenkoff-196x180.webp\" alt=\"Learning Factories for the Future of Manufacturing in Brazil\">\n            <\/picture>\n         <\/div>\n            <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column\">               <div class=\"ellipsis\" style=\"height:185px;overflow:hidden;\" title=\"Learning Factories for the Future of Manufacturing in Brazil\">                  <table class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-header\">\n            \t     <tr>\n                        <td>                  \t\t   <h4 class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-title\">Learning Factories for the Future of Manufacturing in Brazil<\/h4>\n                        <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-subtitle\">Advancing manufacturing through technology and skills development<\/div>                        <\/td>\n                     <\/tr>\n                  <\/table>\n                  <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-text\">\n<div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-abo-sign gito-pub-login-register-link\" data-targetabo=\"expert\" data-targeturl=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/articles\/learning-factories-future-brazil\/\" title=\"please login or register - content can only be read in its entirety with a subscription  expert\">\n\t\t\t                         <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/gito-publisher\/img\/i4s-login.png\">\n\t\t\t                      <\/div>\nManufacturing firms in developing countries face challenges in closing productivity gaps while adopting Industry 4.0 technologies. Learning factories are one helpful approach to countering these challenges. One such example is the learning factory F\u00e1brica do Futuroin S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil, which has engaged students, supported competence development, and collaborated with industry in applied research, functioning as a hub for advanced manufacturing initiatives.                  <\/div>\n               <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n         <\/div>\n      <\/a>\n   <\/div>\n   <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card gito-pub-flex-item gito-pub-flex-item-1\">\n      <a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/articles\/energy-transition-serious-gaming\/\">\n         <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-row\">         <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column-image\">\n            <picture>\n               <source media=\"(max-width:640px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/AdobeStock_423992056_BullRun-640x325.webp\">\n               <source media=\"(min-width:641px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/AdobeStock_423992056_BullRun-196x180.webp\">\n               <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-image\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/AdobeStock_423992056_BullRun-196x180.webp\" alt=\"Serious Gaming and the Energy Transition\">\n            <\/picture>\n         <\/div>\n            <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column\">               <div class=\"ellipsis\" style=\"height:166px !important;overflow:hidden;\" title=\"Serious Gaming and the Energy Transition\">                  <table class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-header\">\n            \t     <tr>\n                        <td>                  \t\t   <h4 class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-title\" style=\"line-height:1.2em;\">Serious Gaming and the Energy Transition<\/h4>\n                        <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-subtitle\">Collaborative knowledge generation and interactive understanding of complex interrelationships<\/div>                        <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-author\"><a href=\"\/authors\/janine-gondolf\/\">Janine Gondolf<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5644-8328\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"ORCID eintrag \u00f6ffnen.\" rel=\"noopener\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/assets\/vectors\/orcid.logo.icon.svg\" alt=\"ORCID Icon\" style=\"width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:middle;\"><\/a>, <a href=\"\/authors\/gert-mehlmann\/\">Gert Mehlmann<\/a>, <a href=\"\/authors\/joern-hartung\/\">J\u00f6rn Hartung<\/a>, <a href=\"\/authors\/bernd-schweinshaut\/\">Bernd Schweinshaut<\/a>, <a href=\"\/authors\/anne-bauer\/\">Anne Bauer<\/a><\/div>\n                        <\/td>\n                     <\/tr>\n                  <\/table>\n                  <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-text\">\n                     Conveying the complexity and multifaceted nature of the energy transition to a broad audience is a challenge. This article demonstrates how interactive serious games on a multitouch table can help make connections tangible and comprehensible. The games and the table were used in various conversational contexts. These are presented here in three case vignettes based on participant observation of the different applications, as well as situated and shared reflection. The vignettes demonstrate how interaction can trigger epistemic processes, enable shifts in perspective, and foster collective thinking, all of which are necessary for shaping the future of society as a whole.                  <\/div>\n               <\/div>\n               <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-scientific\"><strong>Industry 4.0 Science<\/strong> | Volume 42 | 2026 | Edition 2 | Pages 62-69<\/div>            <\/div>\n         <\/div>\n      <\/a>\n   <\/div>\n   <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card gito-pub-flex-item gito-pub-flex-item-1\">\n      <a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/articles\/digital-twins-production-logistics\/\">\n         <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-row\">         <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column-image\">\n            <picture>\n               <source media=\"(max-width:640px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/AdobeStock_1784362718_Andrey-Popov-640x325.webp\">\n               <source media=\"(min-width:641px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/AdobeStock_1784362718_Andrey-Popov-196x180.webp\">\n               <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-image\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/AdobeStock_1784362718_Andrey-Popov-196x180.webp\" alt=\"Experiencing Digital Twins in Production and Logistics\">\n            <\/picture>\n         <\/div>\n            <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column\">               <div class=\"ellipsis\" style=\"height:166px !important;overflow:hidden;\" title=\"Experiencing Digital Twins in Production and Logistics\">                  <table class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-header\">\n            \t     <tr>\n                        <td>                  \t\t   <h4 class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-title\" style=\"line-height:1.2em;\">Experiencing Digital Twins in Production and Logistics<\/h4>\n                        <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-subtitle\">The fischertechnik\u00ae Learning Factory 4.0 as a development platform for possible expansion stages<\/div>                        <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-author\"><a href=\"\/authors\/deike-gliem\/\">Deike Gliem<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8098-334X\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"ORCID eintrag \u00f6ffnen.\" rel=\"noopener\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/assets\/vectors\/orcid.logo.icon.svg\" alt=\"ORCID Icon\" style=\"width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:middle;\"><\/a>, <a href=\"\/authors\/sigrid-wenzel\/\">Sigrid Wenzel<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9594-1839\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"ORCID eintrag \u00f6ffnen.\" rel=\"noopener\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/assets\/vectors\/orcid.logo.icon.svg\" alt=\"ORCID Icon\" style=\"width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:middle;\"><\/a>, <a href=\"\/authors\/jan-schickram\/\">Jan Schickram<\/a>, <a href=\"\/authors\/tareq-albeesh\/\">Tareq Albeesh<\/a><\/div>\n                        <\/td>\n                     <\/tr>\n                  <\/table>\n                  <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-text\">\n                     The fischertechnik\u00ae Learning Factory 4.0 has proven to be a suitable experimental environment for testing digital twins. Depending on the targeted maturity stage, the functions of a digital twin range from status monitoring and forecasting to the operational control of production and logistics systems. To systematically classify these functions, this article presents a maturity model that serves as a framework for the development of a digital twin. Building on this, selected use cases are implemented in a test and development environment based on a system architecture with multi-layered logic structure. These initial implementations serve to highlight application purposes, relevant methods, and typical challenges and potentials in the transfer to real factory environments.                  <\/div>\n               <\/div>\n               <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-scientific\"><strong>Industry 4.0 Science<\/strong> | Volume 42 | Edition 2 | Pages 30-37 | DOI <a style=\"font-weight:bold !important;\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.30844\/I4SE.26.2.30\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">10.30844\/I4SE.26.2.30<\/a><\/div>            <\/div>\n         <\/div>\n      <\/a>\n   <\/div>\n   <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card gito-pub-flex-item gito-pub-flex-item-1\">\n      <a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/articles\/collaborative-robots-production\/\">\n         <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-row\">         <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column-image\">\n            <picture>\n               <source media=\"(max-width:640px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/wienzek-640x325.jpg\">\n               <source media=\"(min-width:641px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/wienzek-196x180.jpg\">\n               <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-image\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/wienzek-196x180.jpg\" alt=\"Collaborative Robots in Production Environments\">\n            <\/picture>\n         <\/div>\n            <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column\">               <div class=\"ellipsis\" style=\"height:166px !important;overflow:hidden;\" title=\"Collaborative Robots in Production Environments\">                  <table class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-header\">\n            \t     <tr>\n                        <td>                  \t\t   <h4 class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-title\" style=\"line-height:1.2em;\">Collaborative Robots in Production Environments<\/h4>\n                        <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-subtitle\">Employee qualification and acceptance for human-machine interaction<\/div>                        <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-author\"><a href=\"\/authors\/tobias-wienzek-en\/\">Tobias Wienzek<\/a>, <a href=\"\/authors\/mathias-cuypers\/\">Mathias Cuypers<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2384-8085\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"ORCID eintrag \u00f6ffnen.\" rel=\"noopener\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/assets\/vectors\/orcid.logo.icon.svg\" alt=\"ORCID Icon\" style=\"width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:middle;\"><\/a><\/div>\n                        <\/td>\n                     <\/tr>\n                  <\/table>\n                  <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-text\">\n                     The introduction of new technologies poses a major challenge, especially for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). At the same time, SMEs must rise to this challenge in order to keep pace technologically and economically. Employee acceptance is an important factor in ensuring that both the introduction and the long-term use of a technology are successful. At the same time, the introduction process also has a central influence on acceptance in the long term. This article uses the implementation of collaborative robotics as an example for examining such an introduction process, identifying the key factors that influence employee acceptance and the important role played by advanced employee training. It serves to highlight how the introduction process and employee training are seamlessly interlinked.                  <\/div>\n               <\/div>\n               <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-scientific\"><strong>Industry 4.0 Science<\/strong> | Volume 42 | 2026 | Edition 2 | Pages 14-21 | DOI <a style=\"font-weight:bold !important;\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.30844\/I4SE.26.2.14\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">10.30844\/I4SE.26.2.14<\/a><\/div>            <\/div>\n         <\/div>\n      <\/a>\n   <\/div>\n   <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card gito-pub-flex-item gito-pub-flex-item-1\">\n      <a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/articles\/xai-predicting-nudging-decision\/\">\n         <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-row\">         <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column-image\">\n            <picture>\n               <source media=\"(max-width:640px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Herrmann_AdobeStock_1849357106_InfiniteFlow-640x325.webp\">\n               <source media=\"(min-width:641px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Herrmann_AdobeStock_1849357106_InfiniteFlow-196x180.webp\">\n               <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-image\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Herrmann_AdobeStock_1849357106_InfiniteFlow-196x180.webp\" alt=\"XAI for Predicting and Nudging Worker Decision-Making\">\n            <\/picture>\n         <\/div>\n            <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column\">               <div class=\"ellipsis\" style=\"height:166px !important;overflow:hidden;\" title=\"XAI for Predicting and Nudging Worker Decision-Making\">                  <table class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-header\">\n            \t     <tr>\n                        <td>                  \t\t   <h4 class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-title\" style=\"line-height:1.2em;\">XAI for Predicting and Nudging Worker Decision-Making<\/h4>\n                        <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-subtitle\">Feasibility and perceived ethical issues<\/div>                        <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-author\"><a href=\"\/authors\/jan-phillip-herrmann\/\">Jan-Phillip Herrmann<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8875-1890\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"ORCID eintrag \u00f6ffnen.\" rel=\"noopener\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/assets\/vectors\/orcid.logo.icon.svg\" alt=\"ORCID Icon\" style=\"width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:middle;\"><\/a>, <a href=\"\/authors\/catharina-baier\/\">Catharina Baier<\/a>, <a href=\"\/authors\/sven-tackenberg-en\/\">Sven Tackenberg<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7083-501X\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"ORCID eintrag \u00f6ffnen.\" rel=\"noopener\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/assets\/vectors\/orcid.logo.icon.svg\" alt=\"ORCID Icon\" style=\"width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:middle;\"><\/a>, <a href=\"\/authors\/verena-nitsch-en\/\">Verena Nitsch<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4784-1283\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"ORCID eintrag \u00f6ffnen.\" rel=\"noopener\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/assets\/vectors\/orcid.logo.icon.svg\" alt=\"ORCID Icon\" style=\"width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:middle;\"><\/a><\/div>\n                        <\/td>\n                     <\/tr>\n                  <\/table>\n                  <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-text\">\n                     Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI)-based nudging, while ethically complex, may offer a favorable alternative to rigid, algorithmically generated schedules that simultaneously respects worker autonomy and improves overall scheduling performance on the shop floor. This paper presents a controlled laboratory study demonstrating the successful nudging of 28 industrial engineering students in a job shop simulation. The study shows that the observed concordance between students\u2019 sequencing decisions and a predefined target sequence increases by 9% through nudging. This is done by using XAI to analyze students\u2019 preferences and adjusting task deadlines and priorities in the simulation. The paper discusses the ethical issues of nudging, including potential manipulation, illusory autonomy, and reducing people to numbers. To mitigate these issues, it offers recommendations for implementing the XAI-based nudging approach in practice and highlights its strengths relative to rigid, ...                  <\/div>\n               <\/div>\n               <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-scientific\"><strong>Industry 4.0 Science<\/strong> | Volume 42 | 2026 | Edition 1 | Pages 70-78<\/div>            <\/div>\n         <\/div>\n      <\/a>\n   <\/div>\n   <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card gito-pub-flex-item gito-pub-flex-item-1\">\n      <a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/articles\/ai-assembly-workplace-design\/\">\n         <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-row\">         <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column-image\">\n            <picture>\n               <source media=\"(max-width:640px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Tuli_AdobeStock_1665432467_Grispb-640x325.webp\">\n               <source media=\"(min-width:641px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Tuli_AdobeStock_1665432467_Grispb-196x180.webp\">\n               <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-image\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Tuli_AdobeStock_1665432467_Grispb-196x180.webp\" alt=\"Applied AI for Human-Centric Assembly Workplace Design\">\n            <\/picture>\n         <\/div>\n            <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column\">               <div class=\"ellipsis\" style=\"height:166px !important;overflow:hidden;\" title=\"Applied AI for Human-Centric Assembly Workplace Design\">                  <table class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-header\">\n            \t     <tr>\n                        <td>                  \t\t   <h4 class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-title\" style=\"line-height:1.2em;\">Applied AI for Human-Centric Assembly Workplace Design<\/h4>\n                        <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-subtitle\">An ethics-informed approach<\/div>                        <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-author\"><a href=\"\/authors\/tadele-belay-tuli\/\">Tadele Belay Tuli<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6769-0646\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"ORCID eintrag \u00f6ffnen.\" rel=\"noopener\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/assets\/vectors\/orcid.logo.icon.svg\" alt=\"ORCID Icon\" style=\"width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:middle;\"><\/a>, <a href=\"\/authors\/michael-jonek\/\">Michael Jonek<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2489-6991\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"ORCID eintrag \u00f6ffnen.\" rel=\"noopener\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/assets\/vectors\/orcid.logo.icon.svg\" alt=\"ORCID Icon\" style=\"width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:middle;\"><\/a>, <a href=\"\/authors\/sascha-niethammer\/\">Sascha Niethammer<\/a>, <a href=\"\/authors\/henning-vogler\/\">Henning Vogler<\/a>, <a href=\"\/authors\/martin-manns\/\">Martin Manns<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1027-4465\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"ORCID eintrag \u00f6ffnen.\" rel=\"noopener\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/assets\/vectors\/orcid.logo.icon.svg\" alt=\"ORCID Icon\" style=\"width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:middle;\"><\/a><\/div>\n                        <\/td>\n                     <\/tr>\n                  <\/table>\n                  <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-text\">\n                     Artificial intelligence (AI) can enhance smart assembly by predicting human motion and adapting workplace design. Using probabilistic models such as Gaussian Mixture Models (GMMs), AI systems anticipate operator actions to improve coordination with robots. However, these predictive systems raise ethical concerns related to safety, fairness, and privacy under the EU AI Act, which classifies them as high-risk. This paper presents a conceptual method integrating probabilistic motion modeling with ethical evaluation via Z-Inspection\u00ae. An industrial case study using the Smart Work Assistant (SWA) demonstrates how multimodal sensing (motion, gaze) and interpretable models enable anticipatory assistance. The approach moves from ethics evaluation to ethics-informed work design, yielding transferable principles and a configurable assessment matrix that supports compliance-by-design in collaborative assembly.                  <\/div>\n               <\/div>\n               <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-scientific\"><strong>Industry 4.0 Science<\/strong> | Volume 42 | 2026 | Edition 1 | Pages 60-68 | DOI <a style=\"font-weight:bold !important;\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.30844\/I4SE.26.1.58\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">10.30844\/I4SE.26.1.58<\/a><\/div>            <\/div>\n         <\/div>\n      <\/a>\n   <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- GITO_PUB_POST end flex-container -->\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The SARS-CoV-2 virus poses unexpected challenges for the global economy. Demand for goods collapsed, and supply declined because companies suddenly ran out of employees or intermediate products. As a result, economic indicators turned negative. However, although an economic recovery is now underway, uncertainty about future developments is still on a record high. This is due not least to global value chains. Their disruption was a major factor in the aforementioned distortions, but they are still central to local production.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":95998,"menu_order":0,"template":"","categories":[79167,4713,79168,79298],"tags":[77833,84455,77845,68202,70525,70676],"product_cat":[],"topic":[67701],"technology":[],"knowhow":[],"industry":[],"writer":[83292],"content-type":[],"potential":[67586,67658],"solution":[],"glossary":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-94143","1":"article","2":"type-article","3":"status-publish","4":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"category-design-en","7":"category-translate","8":"category-translate-en","9":"category-typeset","10":"tag-covid-19","11":"tag-covid-19-en","12":"tag-pandemic","13":"tag-production-networks","14":"tag-uncertainty","15":"tag-value-chains","16":"topic-production-system","17":"writer-manuel-rupprecht-en","18":"potential-globalization","19":"potential-profitability","20":"product","21":"first","22":"instock","23":"downloadable","24":"virtual","25":"sold-individually","26":"taxable","27":"purchasable","28":"product-type-article"},"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/rupprecht_Globale-Wertsch\u00f6pfungsketten-in-Zeiten-von-Covid-19_IM2021_1-1400x788.jpg",1400,788,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/rupprecht_Globale-Wertsch\u00f6pfungsketten-in-Zeiten-von-Covid-19_IM2021_1-1400x788-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/rupprecht_Globale-Wertsch\u00f6pfungsketten-in-Zeiten-von-Covid-19_IM2021_1-1400x788-666x375.jpg",666,375,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/rupprecht_Globale-Wertsch\u00f6pfungsketten-in-Zeiten-von-Covid-19_IM2021_1-1400x788-768x432.jpg",768,432,true],"large":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/rupprecht_Globale-Wertsch\u00f6pfungsketten-in-Zeiten-von-Covid-19_IM2021_1-1400x788-1024x576.jpg",1020,574,true],"front-page-entry":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/rupprecht_Globale-Wertsch\u00f6pfungsketten-in-Zeiten-von-Covid-19_IM2021_1-1400x788-1032x320.jpg",1032,320,true],"post-entry":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/rupprecht_Globale-Wertsch\u00f6pfungsketten-in-Zeiten-von-Covid-19_IM2021_1-1400x788-764x376.jpg",764,376,true],"post-teaser":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/rupprecht_Globale-Wertsch\u00f6pfungsketten-in-Zeiten-von-Covid-19_IM2021_1-1400x788-392x320.jpg",392,320,true],"post-teaser-mobile":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/rupprecht_Globale-Wertsch\u00f6pfungsketten-in-Zeiten-von-Covid-19_IM2021_1-1400x788-608x496.jpg",608,496,true],"post-custom-size":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/rupprecht_Globale-Wertsch\u00f6pfungsketten-in-Zeiten-von-Covid-19_IM2021_1-1400x788-640x325.jpg",640,325,true],"whitepaper-teaser":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/rupprecht_Globale-Wertsch\u00f6pfungsketten-in-Zeiten-von-Covid-19_IM2021_1-1400x788-274x376.jpg",274,376,true],"card-big":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/rupprecht_Globale-Wertsch\u00f6pfungsketten-in-Zeiten-von-Covid-19_IM2021_1-1400x788-514x292.jpg",514,292,true],"card-portrait":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/rupprecht_Globale-Wertsch\u00f6pfungsketten-in-Zeiten-von-Covid-19_IM2021_1-1400x788-320x440.jpg",320,440,true],"card-big-company":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/rupprecht_Globale-Wertsch\u00f6pfungsketten-in-Zeiten-von-Covid-19_IM2021_1-1400x788-514x289.jpg",514,289,true],"gp-listing":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/rupprecht_Globale-Wertsch\u00f6pfungsketten-in-Zeiten-von-Covid-19_IM2021_1-1400x788-196x180.jpg",196,180,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/rupprecht_Globale-Wertsch\u00f6pfungsketten-in-Zeiten-von-Covid-19_IM2021_1-1400x788.jpg",1400,788,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/rupprecht_Globale-Wertsch\u00f6pfungsketten-in-Zeiten-von-Covid-19_IM2021_1-1400x788.jpg",1400,788,false],"woocommerce_thumbnail":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/rupprecht_Globale-Wertsch\u00f6pfungsketten-in-Zeiten-von-Covid-19_IM2021_1-1400x788-510x510.jpg",510,510,true],"woocommerce_single":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/rupprecht_Globale-Wertsch\u00f6pfungsketten-in-Zeiten-von-Covid-19_IM2021_1-1400x788-510x287.jpg",510,287,true],"woocommerce_gallery_thumbnail":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/rupprecht_Globale-Wertsch\u00f6pfungsketten-in-Zeiten-von-Covid-19_IM2021_1-1400x788-100x100.jpg",100,100,true],"dgwt-wcas-product-suggestion":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/rupprecht_Globale-Wertsch\u00f6pfungsketten-in-Zei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Brocks","author_link":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/author\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"The SARS-CoV-2 virus poses unexpected challenges for the global economy. Demand for goods collapsed, and supply declined because companies suddenly ran out of employees or intermediate products. As a result, economic indicators turned negative. However, although an economic recovery is now underway, uncertainty about future developments is still on a record high. This is due&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/article\/94143","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/article"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/article"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/95998"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=94143"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=94143"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=94143"},{"taxonomy":"product_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_cat?post=94143"},{"taxonomy":"topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/topic?post=94143"},{"taxonomy":"technology","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/technology?post=94143"},{"taxonomy":"knowhow","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowhow?post=94143"},{"taxonomy":"industry","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/industry?post=94143"},{"taxonomy":"writer","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/writer?post=94143"},{"taxonomy":"content-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/content-type?post=94143"},{"taxonomy":"potential","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/potential?post=94143"},{"taxonomy":"solution","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/solution?post=94143"},{"taxonomy":"glossary","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary?post=94143"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}