{"id":107569,"date":"2023-02-15T12:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-02-15T12:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/?post_type=article&#038;p=107569"},"modified":"2025-02-05T16:50:32","modified_gmt":"2025-02-05T15:50:32","slug":"industry-4-0-maturity-models","status":"publish","type":"article","link":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/articles\/industry-4-0-maturity-models\/","title":{"rendered":"Comparing Industry 4.0 Maturity Models"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><em>For the German version of this article see <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/factory-innovation.de\/artikel\/industrie-4-0-reifegradmodelle\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here<\/a><\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Which maturity models were included?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">By conducting a literature review of the terms \u201cIndustry 4.0 Maturity Model\u201d and \u201cIndustry 4.0 Maturity Index\u201d in German and English, the authors were able to identify 28 maturity models and seven overviews of maturity models (Schumacher, et al., 2016) (Kese &amp; Terstegen, 2017) (M\u00fcller, et al., 2018) (Matt, et al., 2018) (Angreani, et al., 2020) (Mrugalska &amp; Stasiuk-Piekarska, 2020) (Dommermuth, 2021). After deleting duplicate entries, the maturity models were further reviewed according to the following criteria: <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Is the model still available? <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Does the model have publicly available documentation? <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Does the model cover a broad area of action? The authors deemed models that only focused on logistics, supply chain management, smart factory, IT landscape or organizational topics, for example, to be too narrow in scope. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Does the model indicate not only the status quo, but also a gradual development path to a higher level of maturity? <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Was the model not developed by management consultancies or providers of Industry 4.0 technologies? This criterion is intended to exclude any bias due to prior involvement or due to a desire to achieve better marketability of one&#8217;s own services. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Can the model be carried out independently by the company using it? <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">All models that met these selection criteria were included in the comparative evaluation (See <strong>Fig. 1<\/strong>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"886\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-1-886x1024.png\" alt=\"Comparison of maturity models\" class=\"wp-image-101892\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-1-886x1024.png 886w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-1-510x589.png 510w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-1-64x74.png 64w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-1-325x375.png 325w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-1-768x887.png 768w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-1-253x292.png 253w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-1.png 966w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 886px) 100vw, 886px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Figure 1: Comparison of maturity models.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Assessment methodology<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Based on the necessary technologies, areas of action and success factors of digital transformation, several essential criteria for evaluating the maturity models were developed. These can be divided into three main areas: Industry 4.0 coverage, focus on the three-part intersection of people-organization-technology, and practical applicability of the maturity model.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Maturity models: Industry 4.0 coverage<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">During evaluation, the authors assessed the extent to which the respective evaluation criterion is mentioned and described in the maturity level of the model being tested. A four-level evaluation scheme is used for this purpose:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">3: The criterion is mentioned and fully taken into account by the maturity model<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2: The criterion is mentioned and partially taken into account by the maturity level <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1: The criterion is mentioned indirectly and is partially taken into account by the maturity level <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">0: The criterion is not taken into account by the maturity model.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-2-1024x1024.png\" alt=\"Criteria for evaluating the industry\" class=\"wp-image-101894\" style=\"width:700px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-2-1024x1024.png 1024w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-2-510x510.png 510w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-2-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-2-64x64.png 64w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-2-375x375.png 375w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-2-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-2-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-2-292x292.png 292w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-2.png 1300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Figure 2: Criteria for evaluating the industry.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Maturity models: Applicability<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">With the help of maturity models, it must be possible to evaluate the current state of the company and lay bare a gradual development path to a higher level of maturity (Knackstedt, et al., 2009, p. 535). When evaluating the maturity models, consideration is given to whether they can be used to determine the current state, whether a target state can be defined based on said current state, and whether measures for the transformation from the current state to the target state can be derived. The authors also assessed whether the typical initial situation of SMEs and medium-sized companies could be represented in the maturity model. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Questions regarding the consideration of corporate culture and the numerical recording of maturity levels are also summarized here. Overall, the criteria shown in <strong>Figure 4<\/strong> were used.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"818\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-3-818x1024.png\" alt=\"Criteria for evaluating the socio-technical focus of maturity models\" class=\"wp-image-101896\" style=\"width:400px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-3-818x1024.png 818w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-3-510x639.png 510w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-3-64x80.png 64w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-3-299x375.png 299w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-3-768x962.png 768w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-3-233x292.png 233w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-3.png 920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 818px) 100vw, 818px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Figure 3: Criteria for evaluating the socio-technical focus of maturity models.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Evaluation of the models<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The overall results of the assessment of existing Industry 4.0 maturity models are presented in an overview in <strong>Figure 5<\/strong>. Overall, all maturity models were deemed suitable for recording the actual state, defining a target state and deriving measures. Due to its structure, which requires a great deal of explanation, especially for SMEs, the applicability of the Industry 4.0 Maturity Index (acatech) has been somewhat downgraded compared to the other models. All models calculate a corresponding maturity index for each area of consideration, while the InAsPro maturity model is the only model that also calculates an overall maturity index.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Major differences were found with regard to Industry&nbsp;4.0 coverage, socio-technical focus as well as in the area of management and corporate culture.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"920\" height=\"752\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-4.png\" alt=\"Criteria for assessing the applicability of maturity models\" class=\"wp-image-101900\" style=\"width:401px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-4.png 920w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-4-510x417.png 510w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-4-64x52.png 64w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-4-459x375.png 459w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-4-768x628.png 768w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-4-392x320.png 392w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-4-608x496.png 608w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-4-357x292.png 357w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 920px) 100vw, 920px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Figure 4: Criteria for assessing the applicability of maturity models.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Industry 4.0 coverage<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">At 63 percent, the Industry 4.0 Maturity Index (acatech) offers the best overall coverage of Industry 4.0, followed by Maturity Model (InAsPro) at 60 percent. Using an Industry 4.0 maturity model with a core that only partially covers Industry 4.0 topics does not seem sensible. This affects the VDMA&#8217;s Industry 4.0 Toolbox, which only attained 37 percent, the Industry 4.0 Quick Check from INLUMIA, and the Industry 4.0 maturity models from the WZL at RWTH Aachen and from INTRO 4.0.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Industry 4.0 Maturity Index (acatech) also offers the best coverage in the \u201cSmart Supply Chain\u201d and \u201cSmart Products\/Digital mapping of the product life cycle\u201d dimensions, while the InAsPro and Appelfeller and Feldmann maturity models provide the best coverage in the &#8220;New business models\u201d dimension. The \u201cSmart Factory\u201d dimension is best represented by the Industry 4.0 maturity model from Puchan and Zeifang. Overall, it seems that there is still room for improvement in all models and that in some cases essential perspectives of Industry 4.0, such as the supply chain or new business models, are hardly or not at all covered.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"787\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-5-1024x787.jpg\" alt=\"Industry 4.0 maturity models in comparison\" class=\"wp-image-101898\" style=\"width:842px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-5-1024x787.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-5-510x392.jpg 510w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-5-64x49.jpg 64w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-5-488x375.jpg 488w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-5-768x590.jpg 768w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-5-380x292.jpg 380w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-5-1536x1180.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-5.jpg 1692w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Figure 5: Industry 4.0 maturity models in comparison.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Socio-technical focus <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Industry 4.0 maturity model from Puchan and Zeifang has the best overall socio-technical focus at 74 percent. At 83 percent, it by far provides the best coverage in the \u201cOrganization\u201d dimension. All other maturity models have significant deficits here. The \u201cPeople&#8221; dimension is best represented by Industry 4.0 Assessment (Matt et al.) with 89 percent, followed by the Industry 4.0 Readiness (IMPULS Foundation) and Industry 4.0 Quick Check (INLUMIA) models, each with 78 percent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The best coverage of the \u201cTechnology\u201d dimension is jointly provided by the Industry 4.0 Maturity Index (acatech), Maturity Model (Appelfeller &amp; Feldmann) and the Industry 4.0 Maturity Model (Puchan &amp; Zeifang), which are tied at 72 percent each. Overall, it can be stated that all models provide coverage of the \u201cTechnology\u201d dimension, with a range from 39 to 72 percent, coverage of the \u201cOrganization\u201d dimension with a range from 28 to 83 percent, and coverage of the \u201cPeople&#8221; dimension with a range from 0 to 89 percent. Models that do not adequately take people and organizations into account in the maturity level of Industry 4.0 should not be used in practice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Applicability of the maturity model <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This criterion summarizes the three aspects of management and corporate culture, applicability and level of detail of the maturity index. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The InAsPro maturity model provides the best consideration of these three topics with a score of 100 percent. Industry 4.0 Assessment by Matt et al. is also a frontrunner with 85 percent. None of the models have completely failed the applicability assessment, though the VDMA Industry 4.0 Toolbox and the WZL Maturity Model from the WZL at RWTH Aachen do completely ignore the areas of management and corporate culture.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"434\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-6-1024x434.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-101902\" style=\"width:702px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-6-1024x434.png 1024w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-6-510x216.png 510w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-6-64x27.png 64w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-6-764x323.png 764w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-6-768x325.png 768w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-6-514x218.png 514w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-6-1536x650.png 1536w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Bild-6.png 1776w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Figure 6<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Overall view <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Five of the models that were compared in terms of their ability to measure the maturity of a company with regard to Industry 4.0 can be recommended without restriction and for any use case. They do not have any significant deficits and cover the entire range of Industry 4.0. topics and are also easy to handle. There is a sixth model that can compete very well in the top group and even has the second-best overall rating in the comparison, only showing clear weaknesses in the \u201cSmart Supply Chain\u201d dimension. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">There are two other models which generally cover all assessment criteria, but show deficits in the Smart Factory area. These deficits would have to be compensated for individually, which means that these models receive a limited recommendation for use in some cases. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Application of these comparative criteria led to the classification of two models as unusable. These models ignore aspects which are essential to the development or implementation of Industry 4.0. <strong>Figure 6<\/strong> shows the quality assessments which were awarded. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conclusion <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Evaluation of these maturity models has led to important insights into the suitability of existing maturity models as a tool for the digital transformation of SMEs and medium-sized businesses. The results show that there are still deficits in the content of existing maturity models with regard to Industry 4.0 coverage, socio-technical focus and management and corporate culture. However, due to their limited resources, it is important that SMEs and medium-sized companies are able to receive concrete, complete and detailed recommendations for action. In order to render themselves usable for SMEs and medium-sized companies, future maturity models must therefore aim to provide more concrete coverage of the following topics in particular: <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Organizational topics in manufacturing (e.g. lean manufacturing, modularization) <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Knowledge and competence management <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Data collection and production planning and control <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Supporting processes such as intralogistics, maintenance management, tool management and quality management <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Decentralization of organizational units <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The changing role of people <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cognitive and physical assistance functions for people <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Horizontal and vertical integration <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Networking in the supply chain <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Digital mapping of the product life cycle <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>New, data-based business models<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Models<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Model 1 \u2013 <em>Industry 4.0 Maturity Index (acatech)<\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Industry 4.0 Maturity Index from acatech (Schuh, et al., 2017) aims to show companies a digital roadmap to mastering Industry 4.0. To this end, the model assess existing skills and those that need to be further&nbsp;developed based on four design fields, five function&nbsp;areas and six maturity levels. The function areas, which consist of development, logistics, services and&nbsp;marketing\/sales, each encompass the design fields of&nbsp;resources, information systems, organizational structure and culture.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The maturity is determined in six maturity levels (computerization, connectivity, visibility, transparency, forecasting ability and adaptability) by answering a questionnaire about the business processes carried&nbsp;out within the five functional areas. The answer options&nbsp;correspond to the respective maturity levels.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Evaluation<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The areas of Smart Products\/Digital mapping of the&nbsp;product life cycle and New Business Models have quite good Industry 4.0 coverage at 78 percent and 73 percent respectively. In the area of Smart Factory, several aspects important for manufacturing companies, such as production, intralogistics, maintenance management&nbsp;and tool management, are only superficially described;,&nbsp;while quality management is not mentioned at all. The area of Smart Supply Chain is well covered, but there is a lack of detail in the areas of planning, control and monitoring as well as assistance systems in the supply chain. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1007\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-1-1024x1007.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-101904\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-1-1024x1007.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-1-510x501.jpg 510w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-1-64x63.jpg 64w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-1-381x375.jpg 381w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-1-768x755.jpg 768w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-1-297x292.jpg 297w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-1.jpg 1314w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-success-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-9ed89b1b17d99dd7ca1d8927b16eac31 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Conclusion: Recommended without restriction\/for any use case.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A socio-technical approach was taken, yet organizational aspects and the changing role of people&nbsp;therein were not at all or only superficially described by the model. Corporate culture and aspects of change management were described. The transformation strategy was not discussed within the maturity level itself because the authors see the strategy as an input which is to be entered before the analysis begins. The maturity model can be applied in all required areas. However, due to its multidimensional structure, it requires explanation and could appear (too) complex&nbsp;to some SMEs\/medium-sized companies.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"611\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-1-1024x611.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-101870\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-1-1024x611.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-1-510x305.jpg 510w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-1-64x38.jpg 64w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-1-628x375.jpg 628w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-1-768x459.jpg 768w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-1-489x292.jpg 489w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-1-1536x917.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-1-2048x1223.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Model 2<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em>Industry 4.0 Toolbox (VDMA)<\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The VDMA Industry 4.0 Toolbox (VDMA, 2017) was developed particularly for medium-sized mechanical and plant engineering companies in order to give them&nbsp;orientation on their way to leveraging the full benefits&nbsp;of Industry 4.0 and to show them potential for improvement in the area of their products and manufacturing processes. For this purpose, the maturity levels of products and manufacturing processes are presented in a table that is comprised of six observation&nbsp;areas and five maturity levels (from 1 to 5, without&nbsp;naming the content), allowing the company to classify itself based on the results.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>1. Products<\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>1.1 &nbsp;Integration of sensors\/actuators<br>1.2 &nbsp;Communication\/connectivity<br>1.3 &nbsp;Functionalities for data storage and information exchange<br>1.4 &nbsp;Monitoring<br>1.5 &nbsp;Product-related IT services<br>1.6 &nbsp;Product-related business models<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>2. Manufacturing<\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>2.1 &nbsp;Data processing for manufacturing<br>2.2 &nbsp;Machine-to-machine communication (M2M)<br>2.3 &nbsp;Corporate networking with manufacturing<br>2.4 &nbsp;ICT infrastructure for manufacturing<br>2.5 &nbsp;Human-machine interfaces<br>2.6 &nbsp;Efficiency with small batch sizes<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><br>Evaluation<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1007\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-2-1024x1007.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-101906\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-2-1024x1007.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-2-510x501.jpg 510w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-2-64x63.jpg 64w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-2-381x375.jpg 381w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-2-768x755.jpg 768w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-2-297x292.jpg 297w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-2.jpg 1314w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-alert-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-f683696f3641912e0fe02f01640b82f5 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Conclusion: Not recommended.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Industry 4.0 Toolbox focuses primarily on the areas of Smart Products, Smart Services and technical aspects such as data acquisition, machine-to-machine communication (M2M) and communication\/connectivity.&nbsp;Important topics of Smart Factory \u2013 such as intralogistics, maintenance management, tool management and quality management \u2013 are not considered. The human factor, organizational issues as well as Management and Corporate Culture are not addressed or are only addressed to a limited extent. The maturity model can be applied in all required areas. A maturity index is not calculated.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-2-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-101872\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-2-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-2-510x287.jpg 510w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-2-64x36.jpg 64w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-2-667x375.jpg 667w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-2-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-2-514x289.jpg 514w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-2-1536x863.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-2-2048x1151.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Model 3<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em>Industry 4.0 Readiness (IMPULS Foundation of the VDMA)<\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Industry 4.0 Readiness model from the IMPULS Foundation of the VDMA (Lichtblau, et al., 2015) was developed to show companies where they currently stand and whether they are already taking advantage of the potential of industry. Maturity is determined by answering a questionnaire with questions spanning six&nbsp;areas of consideration and a total of 18 sub-areas:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>1. Strategy and organization<\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>1.1 &nbsp;Strategy&nbsp;<br>1.2 &nbsp;Investments&nbsp;<br>1.3 &nbsp;Innovation management&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>2. Smart factory<\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>2.1 &nbsp;Digital image&nbsp;<br>2.2 &nbsp;Machine park&nbsp;<br>2.3 &nbsp;Data usage&nbsp;<br>2.4 &nbsp;IT systems&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>3. Smart operations<\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>3.1 &nbsp;Cloud usage&nbsp;<br>3.2 &nbsp;IT security&nbsp;<br>3.3 &nbsp;Autonomous processes&nbsp;<br>3.4 &nbsp;Information exchange&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>4. Smart products<\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>4.1 &nbsp;Data analysis in usage phase&nbsp;<br>4.2 &nbsp;ICT additional functionalities&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>5. Data-driven services<\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>5.1 &nbsp;Share of data usage&nbsp;<br>5.2 &nbsp;Share of revenue&nbsp;<br>5.3 &nbsp;Data-based services<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>6. Employees<\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>6.1 &nbsp;Skill-building&nbsp;<br>6.2 &nbsp;Employee competencies<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>The answer options each correspond to one of six maturity levels, ranging from level 0 (outsider) to level 6 (excellence).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Evaluation<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Industry 4.0 Readiness model focuses on a fairly broad coverage of Industry 4.0 topics. The areas of Smart Products and Smart Services are well covered. In the area of Smart Factory, almost all criteria were taken into account directly in the level of maturity. However, tool management is missing and topics such as manufacturing and assistance systems for people were only indirectly&nbsp;and superficially mentioned. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1007\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-3-1024x1007.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-101908\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-3-1024x1007.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-3-510x501.jpg 510w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-3-64x63.jpg 64w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-3-381x375.jpg 381w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-3-768x755.jpg 768w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-3-297x292.jpg 297w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-3.jpg 1314w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-success-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-cb4462a15a01998c7e8db434d6609f0d wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Conclusion: Recommended without restriction\/for any use case!<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The area of Smart Supply&nbsp;Chain is generally only addressed indirectly. In terms of socio-technical focus, the People area is well covered. In the area of technology, there is a lack of detail on cyber- physical manufacturing systems, robots and assistance systems, as well as on aspects of automation. With the exception of the criterion of knowledge and competence&nbsp;management, organizational topics were only briefly&nbsp;touched upon. In the area of Management and Corporate Culture, the aspects of transformation strategy and change management were described, though corporate culture was only discussed indirectly. The maturity model can be applied in all required areas. A maturity index is determined for each area of consideration.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"609\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-3-1024x609.jpg\" alt=\"Industry 4.0\" class=\"wp-image-101874\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-3-1024x609.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-3-510x303.jpg 510w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-3-64x38.jpg 64w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-3-630x375.jpg 630w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-3-768x457.jpg 768w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-3-491x292.jpg 491w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-3-1536x914.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-3-2048x1219.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Model 4<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em>Industry 4.0 Assessment (Matt et al.)<\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Industry 4.0 Assessment model by Matt et al. (2018)&nbsp;is part of a five-stage method for introducing Industry&nbsp;4.0 to SMEs. It serves as a company&#8217;s self-assessment and is designed to precede analysis of potential and an implementation plan. Maturity is determined by answering a questionnaire with questions spanning&nbsp;four areas of consideration with a total of 22 sub-areas:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>1. Operation<\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>1.1 &nbsp;Agile Manufacturing Systems<br>1.2 &nbsp;Monitoring &amp; Decision Systems&nbsp;<br>1.3 &nbsp;Big Data for Manufacturing&nbsp;<br>1.4 &nbsp;Manufacturing Planning and Control&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>2. Organization<\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>2.1 &nbsp;Business Models 4.0&nbsp;<br>2.2 &nbsp;Innovation Strategy&nbsp;<br>2.3 &nbsp;Strategy 4.0&nbsp;<br>2.4 &nbsp;Supply Chain Management 4.0&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>3. Socio-culture<\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>3.1 &nbsp;Human Ressource 4.0<br>3.2 &nbsp;Work 4.0<br>3.3 &nbsp;Culture 4.0&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>4. Technology<\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>4.1 &nbsp;Big Data<br>4.2  Communication &amp; Connectivity<br>4.3  Cyber Security<br>4.4  Deep Learning, Machine Learning, Artificial Intelligence<br>4.5  Additive Manufacturing&nbsp;<br>4.6  Maintenance&nbsp;<br>4.7  Robotics &amp; Automation&nbsp;<br>4.8  Product Design and Development&nbsp;<br>4.9  Standards 4.0&nbsp;<br>4.10  Virtual Reality, Augmented Reality and Simulation&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><br>Evaluation<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Industry 4.0 Assessment model focuses on providing fairly broad coverage of Industry 4.0 topics. New business models are best covered within the area of Smart Products, Smart Services as well as in the area&nbsp;of Smart Products\/Digital mapping of the product life&nbsp;cycle. Coverage of the Smart Factory area is average in quality. The aspects of tool management and quality management are missing, while data collection is only addressed indirectly. In the socio-technical area, the&nbsp;model has very good coverage of the People dimension:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1007\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-4-1024x1007.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-101910\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-4-1024x1007.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-4-510x501.jpg 510w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-4-64x63.jpg 64w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-4-381x375.jpg 381w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-4-768x755.jpg 768w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-4-297x292.jpg 297w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-4.jpg 1314w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-success-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-9ed89b1b17d99dd7ca1d8927b16eac31 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Conclusion: Recommended without restriction\/for any use case.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In addition to topics of qualifications and further&nbsp;training, the role of people in general is also addressed. The area of technology is also described in detail, while organizational topics \u2013 apart from knowledge and competence management \u2013 are only indirectly addressed. The communication criterion is not addressed. The area of Management and Corporate Culture is very well depicted, in which the topics of transformation strategy, change management and corporate culture are addressed. The applicability of the maturity index meets all criteria. The maturity index is calculated for each observation area; an overall maturity index is not calculated.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"575\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-4-1024x575.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-101876\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-4-1024x575.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-4-510x286.jpg 510w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-4-64x36.jpg 64w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-4-668x375.jpg 668w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-4-768x431.jpg 768w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-4-514x289.jpg 514w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-4-1536x863.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-4-2048x1150.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Model 5<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em>Industry 4.0 Quick Check (INLUMIA)<\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Industry 4.0 Quick Check was created as part of the interdisciplinary research project <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iem.fraunhofer.de\/en.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">INLUMIA<\/a> (Pierenkemper, et al., 2019). The goal was to develop a \u201cset of instruments for increasing performance through Industry 4.0\u201d for SMEs (Heppner, et al., 2019). Maturity is determined by answering an (online) questionnaire with questions regarding the three dimensions of Technology, Business and People. Four&nbsp;areas of action are presented:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>1. Technology<\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1.1 &nbsp;Technical organization<br>1.2 &nbsp;Engineering<br>1.3 &nbsp;Manufacturing<br>1.4 &nbsp;Product&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>2. Business<\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>2.1 &nbsp;Strategy<br>2.2 &nbsp;Innovation culture<br>2.3 &nbsp;Business model<br>2.4 &nbsp;Data&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>3. Person<\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>3.1 &nbsp;Work design<br>3.2 &nbsp;Qualification<br>3.3 &nbsp;Internal business communication<br>3.4 &nbsp;Interaction.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>The answer options each correspond to one of four possible maturity levels.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Evaluation<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Quick Check Industry 4.0 only partially covers the areas where Industry 4.0 operates. The areas of Smart&nbsp;Products\/Digital mapping of the product life cycle and&nbsp;New Business Models are only indirectly described, as the model addresses the development of new business models, but not the level of maturity of these various forms of new business models. In the Smart Factory area, the sub-areas of intralogistics, maintenance management, tool management and quality management are missing. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1007\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-5-1024x1007.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-101912\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-5-1024x1007.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-5-510x501.jpg 510w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-5-64x63.jpg 64w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-5-381x375.jpg 381w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-5-768x755.jpg 768w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-5-297x292.jpg 297w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-5.jpg 1314w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-primary-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-b9a7321c42c9c3bbde631b6b2861099e wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Conclusion: Recommended with some restrictions\/ for some use cases.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Organizational issues in manufacturing and manufacturing planning and control were only addressed indirectly. The consideration of the People dimension is good; the role of people and&nbsp;qualifications were taken into account. The areas of&nbsp;technology and organizational aspects were only superficially taken into account. The topic of communication was not described by the model. The area of Management and Corporate Culture was well described; all three criteria were addressed directly or indirectly. The maturity model can be applied in all required areas. A maturity index is determined for each area under consideration.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"614\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-5-1024x614.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-101880\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-5-1024x614.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-5-510x306.jpg 510w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-5-64x38.jpg 64w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-5-625x375.jpg 625w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-5-768x460.jpg 768w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-5-487x292.jpg 487w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-5-1536x921.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-5-2048x1228.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Model 6<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em>Industry 4.0 Maturity Model (WZL, RWTH Aachen)<\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The WZL\u2019s Industry 4.0 Maturity Model (Schuh et al. 2018) is part of a guide for implementing Industry 4.0 solutions. In manufacturing companies, it is used to&nbsp;evaluate the status quo and to define concrete goals&nbsp;regarding the implementation of Industry 4.0. Maturity is determined by answering a questionnaire with questions spanning eight areas of consideration that are based on the corporate functions along the value&nbsp;chain of manufacturing companies:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Marketing &amp; Distribution<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Product Development<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Supply Chain Management &amp; Purchasing<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Manufacturing Planning and Control<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Logistics<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Manufacturing<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Quality Assurance<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Supporting Features<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>The answer options are each assigned to one of six possible maturity levels (1 &#8211; Computerization, 2 &#8211; Networking, 3 &#8211; Visualization, 4 &#8211; Transparency, 5 &#8211; Forecasting and 6 &#8211; Adaptability).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Evaluation<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Industry 4.0 maturity model focuses primarily on the internal processes of Smart Factory as well as on networking with partners throughout the supply chain to create value. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1007\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-6-1024x1007.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-101914\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-6-1024x1007.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-6-510x501.jpg 510w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-6-64x63.jpg 64w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-6-381x375.jpg 381w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-6-768x755.jpg 768w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-6-297x292.jpg 297w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-6.jpg 1314w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-alert-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-f683696f3641912e0fe02f01640b82f5 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Conclusion: Not recommended.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">New business models and the digital representation of the product life cycle are not discussed. The model does not have a socio-technical approach. The human dimension is not described, while technical and organizational aspects are only mentioned indirectly. Organizational issues in manufacturing as well as knowledge and competence management are not described. The area of management and corporate culture is not part of the maturity index, but is covered in detail in the guide mentioned above. The maturity model can be applied in all required areas. A maturity index is determined for each area of consideration.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"613\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-6-1-1024x613.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-101882\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-6-1-1024x613.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-6-1-510x305.jpg 510w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-6-1-64x38.jpg 64w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-6-1-627x375.jpg 627w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-6-1-768x460.jpg 768w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-6-1-488x292.jpg 488w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-6-1-1536x919.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-6-1-2048x1225.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Model 7<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em>Maturity Model (Appelfeller &amp; Feldmann)<\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The maturity model from Appelfeller &amp; Feldmann is part of a comprehensive guide (Appelfeller &amp; Feldmann, 2018) for structuring digital transformation and measuring the maturity of companies. It is based on a reference model of a digital company that was developed by the authors. Maturity is determined by answering a questionnaire with questions that span ten areas of consideration. The answer options each correspond toone of four maturity levels:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>1. Processes<\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>1.1 &nbsp;Level of digitalization<br>1.2 &nbsp;Level of digital automation<br>1.3 &nbsp;Level of digital integration<br>1.4 &nbsp;Level of digital self-control<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>2. Customer connection&nbsp;<\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2.1 &nbsp;Phase 1: Development of products and services<br>2.2 &nbsp;Phase 2: Presales&nbsp;<br>2.3 &nbsp;Phase 3: Sales&nbsp;<br>2.4 &nbsp;Phase 4: After Sales&nbsp;<br>2.5 &nbsp;Cross-phase criteria&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>3. Supplier connection&nbsp;<\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>3.1 &nbsp;Initiation&nbsp;<br>3.2 &nbsp;Agreement&nbsp;<br>3.3 &nbsp;Fulfillment&nbsp;<br>3.4 &nbsp;Supplier management&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>4. Employees (mental\/physical activity)<\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>4.1 &nbsp;Paper use and IT support&nbsp;<br>4.2 &nbsp;Process characterization&nbsp;<br>4.3 &nbsp;Working hours&nbsp;<br>4.4 &nbsp;Hardware&nbsp;<br>4.5 &nbsp;Collaboration&nbsp;<br>4.6 &nbsp;Networking&nbsp;<br>4.7 &nbsp;Workplace&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>5. Data<\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>5.1 &nbsp;Degree of integration of the systems&nbsp;<br>5.2 &nbsp;Scope of digital data&nbsp;<br>5.3 &nbsp;Share of digital data&nbsp;<br>5.4 &nbsp;Data quality&nbsp;<br>5.5 &nbsp;Data structure&nbsp;<br>5.6 &nbsp;Data management process (data governance)&nbsp;<br>5.7 &nbsp;Master data harmonization&nbsp;<br>5.8 Scope of data evaluations <br>5.9 Type of data evaluations<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>6. Products<\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>6.1 Surveillance&nbsp;<br>6.2 Control<br>6.3 Optimization<br>6.4 Autonomy<br>6.5 Networking<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>7. Machine and robots<\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>7.1 Data generation<br>7.2 Data processing and analysis<br>7.3 Integration capability: Networking and IT infrastructure<br>7.4 Integration capability: Horizontal and vertical networking<br>7.5 Integration capability: Machine-to-machine communication (M2M)<br>7.6 Support of self-controlling&nbsp;processes<br>7.7 Versatility&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>8. IT systems<\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>8.1 Adaptability and ability for further development<br>8.2 Integration capability&nbsp;<br>8.3 Analytical and continuous learning abilities&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>9. Networking<\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>9.1 Network density<br>9.2 Networking reach<br>9.3 Internet of Things: Networking machines and robots<br>9.4 Internet of Things: Connecting products&nbsp;<br>9.5 Internet of Things: Connecting employees&nbsp;<br>9.6 Cybersecurity&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>10. Business model<\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>10.1 Importance of digitalization for the business idea<br>10.2 Importance of digitalization&nbsp;for service provision<br>10.3 Interaction with customers&nbsp;<br>10.4 Products and services&nbsp;<br>10.5 Digitalization goals&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><br>Evaluation<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Of the Industry 4.0 areas of action, the area of New Business Models with data-based products and services, digital business models and digital platforms is best covered by the model. In the area of Smart Factory, the focus is on horizontal and vertical integration, data collection and analysis as well as assistance for people.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1005\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-7-1024x1005.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-101916\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-7-1024x1005.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-7-510x501.jpg 510w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-7-64x63.jpg 64w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-7-382x375.jpg 382w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-7-768x754.jpg 768w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-7-297x292.jpg 297w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-7.jpg 1314w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-success-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-cb4462a15a01998c7e8db434d6609f0d wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Conclusion: Recommended without restriction\/for any use case!<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Supporting processes such as maintenance management, tool management and quality management are not discussed. In the area Smart Supply Chain, the focus is on horizontal integration; other criteria are not addressed or only indirectly addressed. The model goes into the Technology&nbsp;dimension in great detail, but personell qualifications,&nbsp;knowledge, skills management and other organizational issues are not at all or only indirectly addressed. The area of management and corporate culture is also not anchored in the maturity model. The maturity model can be applied in all required areas. A maturity index is determined for each area of consideration.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"616\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-7-1024x616.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-101884\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-7-1024x616.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-7-510x307.jpg 510w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-7-64x38.jpg 64w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-7-624x375.jpg 624w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-7-768x462.jpg 768w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-7-486x292.jpg 486w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-7-1536x924.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-7-2048x1231.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Model 8<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em>Industry 4.0 Maturity Model (INTRO 4.0)<\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Industry 4.0 Maturity Model (H\u00fcbner, 2018) was created as part of the INTRO 4.0 research project. It is part of a four-stage process model for introducing Industry 4.0. Maturity is determined by answering an&nbsp;online questionnaire which poses questions about five fields of action, each with several design areas within them:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>1. Organization and administration<\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>1.1 &nbsp;IT infrastructure&nbsp;<br>1.2 &nbsp;General organization&nbsp;<br>1.3 &nbsp;Employees<br>1.4 &nbsp;Physical assistance systems&nbsp;<br>1.5 &nbsp;Data storage<br>1.6 &nbsp;Data analysis<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>2. Manufacturing planning and control<\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>2.1 &nbsp;General manufacturing planning and control<br>2.2 &nbsp;Demand planning<br>2.3 &nbsp;In-house manufacturing planning and control<br>2.4 &nbsp;Inventory management<br>2.5 &nbsp;Manufacturing control<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>3. Quality and fault management<\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>3.1 &nbsp;Quality management<br>3.2 &nbsp;Disturbance management&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>4. Stations<\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>4.1 &nbsp;Interfaces<br>4.2 &nbsp;Feedback data<br>4.3 &nbsp;Condition monitoring technology<br>4.4 &nbsp;Inventory management<br>4.5 &nbsp;Station control&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>5. Product<\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>5.1 Commication<br>5.2 Data collection<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>The answer options each correspond to one of four maturity levels.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Evaluation<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This Industry 4.0 Maturity Model focuses on the application of Industry 4.0 within the Smart Factory. The aspects of data collection, manufacturing planning and control, quality management, assistance systems and data analyses are for the most part examined in detail. Maintenance management and tool management are not considered; aspects of intralogistics are only indirectly discussed. The areas of Smart Supply Chain and New Business Models are not considered. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1005\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-8-1024x1005.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-101918\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-8-1024x1005.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-8-510x501.jpg 510w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-8-64x63.jpg 64w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-8-382x375.jpg 382w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-8-768x754.jpg 768w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-8-297x292.jpg 297w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-8.jpg 1314w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-success-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-182c17de33c9e3f4a925f58081c32a81 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Conclusion: Recommended with some restrictions\/ for some use cases<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Smart Products and the digital representation of the product life cycle are included in the maturity model. The model&nbsp;offers a socio-technical focus. All dimensions of People,&nbsp;Technology and Organization are taken into account in the maturity model. Only the topics of communication&nbsp;and knowledge\/competence management were not&nbsp;addressed or only indirectly addressed. Aspects of transformation strategy are partly included; the areas of change management and corporate culture are not discussed. The maturity model can be applied in all required areas. A maturity index is determined for each area of consideration.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"613\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-8-1024x613.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-101886\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-8-1024x613.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-8-510x305.jpg 510w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-8-64x38.jpg 64w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-8-626x375.jpg 626w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-8-768x460.jpg 768w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-8-488x292.jpg 488w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-8-1536x920.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-8-2048x1226.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Model 9<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em>Industry 4.0 Maturity Model (Puchan &amp; Zeifang)<\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Industry 4.0 Maturity Model from the Munich University of Applied Sciences (Puchan &amp; Zeifang, 2017) is based on a questionnaire with questions that span&nbsp;five overarching fields of action with a total of 29 action elements:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>1. Key factors<\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>1.1 &nbsp;Business model&nbsp;<br>1.2 &nbsp;IT security&nbsp;<br>1.3 &nbsp;Communication&nbsp;<br>1.4 &nbsp;Management&nbsp;<br>1.5 &nbsp;Legal framework<br>1.6 &nbsp;Industry norms\/standards<br>1.7 &nbsp;Position of IT<br>1.8 &nbsp;IT networking&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>2. Employees<\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>2.1 &nbsp;Work structures<br>2.2 &nbsp;Assistance systems<br>2.3 &nbsp;Engagement<br>2.4 &nbsp;Information systems<br>2.5 &nbsp;Industry 4.0 competence<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>3. Organization<\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>3.1 &nbsp;Information exchange<br>3.2 &nbsp;Innovation and technology management<br>3.3 &nbsp;Key figure system<br>3.4 &nbsp;Process management<br>3.5 &nbsp;Industry 4.0 strategy<br>3.6 &nbsp;Knowledge management<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>4. Product<\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>4.1 &nbsp;Data analytics<br>4.2 &nbsp;Product function<br>4.3 &nbsp;Product system<br>4.4 &nbsp;System integration<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>5. Manufacturing<\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>5.1 &nbsp;Data collection<br>5.2 Use of data<br>5.3 Communication<br>5.4 Manufacturing logistics<br>5.5 Manufacturing resources<br>5.6 Manufacturing system<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>The answer options each correspond to one of five&nbsp;levels, ranging from Standard to Novice, Advanced,&nbsp;Expert and finally Pioneer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Evaluation<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This Industry 4.0 maturity model does not address networking in the supply chain, but otherwise covers the <a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/industry-4-0\/\">Industry 4.0 areas<\/a> of activity very well.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1005\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-9-1024x1005.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-101920\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-9-1024x1005.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-9-510x501.jpg 510w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-9-64x63.jpg 64w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-9-382x375.jpg 382w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-9-768x754.jpg 768w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-9-297x292.jpg 297w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-9.jpg 1314w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-success-color\">Conclusion: Recommended<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In the area of Smart Factory, this applies to a limited extent; only the aspects of maintenance management, tool management and quality management are missing. The model also has a very high level of socio-technical focus. All three dimensions of People, Technology and Organization are discussed in great detail. In the area of Management and Corporate Culture, the transformation strategy criterion is well covered, though change management and corporate culture are indirectly mentioned. The maturity model can be applied in all required areas. A maturity index is determined for each area of consideration.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"610\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-9-1024x610.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-101888\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-9-1024x610.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-9-510x304.jpg 510w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-9-64x38.jpg 64w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-9-629x375.jpg 629w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-9-768x458.jpg 768w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-9-490x292.jpg 490w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-9-1536x915.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-9-2048x1220.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Model 10<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em>Maturity Model (InAsPro)<\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This maturity model (Ehemann, et al., 2021) was created as part of the InAsPro research project. Maturity is determined by answering a questionnaire with questions&nbsp;which span five areas of consideration, each with several&nbsp;sub-areas that are focused on the socio-technicaldimensions of People, Technology and Organization:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>1. Company<\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"block-0e50083f-3c6d-4f7f-8527-54bb1a996fe7\"><br>1.1 Technology<br>1.1.1 IT system design<br>1.1.2 IT security<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"block-51bef92e-b940-45ae-9b6a-4d2c6926e6bd\">1.2 Organization<br>1.2.1 Data management<br>1.2.2 Cooperation &amp; Collaboration<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"block-490bd75f-9231-400b-86c4-c56cd8931e38\">1.3 People&nbsp;<br>1.3.1 &nbsp;Corporate culture&nbsp;<br>1.3.2 &nbsp;Guidance&nbsp;<br>1.3.3 &nbsp;Employee development<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"block-83745c01-e610-4f18-8965-8775fb38c9e9\">1.4 Strategy&nbsp;<br>1.4.1 &nbsp;Digitalization strategy&nbsp;<br>1.4.2 &nbsp;Business model&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>2. Development<\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>2.1 Technology<br>2.1.1 &nbsp;Requirements definition<br>2.1.2 &nbsp;System design &amp; architecture<br>2.1.3 &nbsp;Modeling and simulation<br>2.1.4 &nbsp;Validation<br>2.1.5 &nbsp;System integration &amp; process planning \/ technical organization<br>2.1.6 Product and program planning<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2.2 Organization<br>2.2.1 Data management<br>2.2.2 Process design<br>2.2.3 Cooperation &amp; Collaboration<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2.3 People<br>2.3.1 &nbsp;Corporate culture<br>2.3.2 &nbsp;Guidance<br>2.3.3 &nbsp;Employee development&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>3. Manufacturing<\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>3.1 Technology<br>3.1.1 Manufacturing processes &amp; machining<br>3.1.2 Storage<br>3.1.3 Transportation<br>3.1.4 Quality management<br>3.1.5 Manufacturing planning &amp; control<br>3.1.6 IT system design<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">3.2 Organization<br>3.2.1 Data management<br>3.2.2 Process design<br>3.2.3 Cooperation &amp; Collaboration<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">3.3 People<br>3.3.1 Corporate culture<br>3.3.2 Guidance<br>3.3.3 Employee development<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>4. Assembly<\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>4.1 Technology<br>4.1.1 Assembly processes &amp; machining<br>4.1.2 Storage<br>4.1.3 Transport<br>4.1.4 Quality management<br>4.1.5 Assembly planning &amp; control<br>4.1.6 IT system design<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">4.2 Organization<br>4.2.1 Data management<br>4.2.2 Process design<br>4.2.3 Cooperation &amp; Collaboration<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">4.3 People<br>4.3.1 Corporate culture<br>4.3.2 Guidance<br>4.3.3 Employee development<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>5. Aftersales<\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>5.1 Technology<br>5.1.1 Customer service<br>5.1.2 Spare parts logistics &amp; maintenance&nbsp;<br>5.1.3 IT system design<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">5.2 Organization<br>5.2.1 Data management<br>5.2.2 Process design<br>5.2.3 Cooperation &amp; collaboration<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">5.3 People<br>5.3.1 Corporate culture<br>5.3.2 Guidance<br>5.3.3 Employee development<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>The answer options each correspond to one of four maturity levels.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Evaluation<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This maturity model covers the area of New Business Models very well with the aspects of Smart Products, Smart Services and Digital Platforms. In the area of the Smart Factory, all criteria are described directly or indirectly, with the exception of tool management. The focus of the production criterion is on the digitalization and control of processes, rather than on organizational aspects such as modularization, for example. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1005\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-10-1024x1005.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-101922\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-10-1024x1005.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-10-510x501.jpg 510w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-10-64x63.jpg 64w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-10-382x375.jpg 382w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-10-768x754.jpg 768w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-10-297x292.jpg 297w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Table-10.jpg 1314w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-success-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-a4a49e3bf4806f9bc182befa9a452ad9 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Conclusion: Best of the comparison.<br>Recommended without any restrictions and for any use cases.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In the area of assistance systems, only the human-machine interface aspect is evaluated. The topics of intralogistics&nbsp;are limited to the identification and traceability of&nbsp;products. In the area of smart supply chain, horizontal integration is discussed, but not the other criteria. The&nbsp;area of Smart Products\/Digital Mapping of the Product&nbsp;Life Cycle is described directly or indirectly. New business models are very well covered. The model has a socio-technical focus, but does not go into great depth in all of the three dimensions of People, Technology and Organization. The areas of Management and Corporate Culture and Maturity Model Applicability are very well covered. The maturity index is calculated for each observation area and also as an overall index.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-success-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-e65d5aa7a47be2a3568446a83dde43c7 wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"577\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-10-1024x577.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-101890\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-10-1024x577.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-10-510x287.jpg 510w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-10-64x36.jpg 64w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-10-666x375.jpg 666w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-10-768x433.jpg 768w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-10-514x290.jpg 514w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-10-1536x865.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Schumacher_I4S-23-1_Model-10-2048x1154.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n<hr><div class=\"gito-pub-content-bibliography\"><h2>Bibliography <\/h2>Angreani, L. S.; Vijaya, A.; Wicaksono, H.: 2020. Systematic Literature Review of Industry 4.0 Maturity Model for Manufacturing and Logistics Sectors. Procedia Manufacturing, Band 52, pp. 337-343.\r<br>\r<br>Appelfeller, W.; Feldmann, C.: 2018. Die digitale Transformation des Unternehmens. Systematischer Leitfaden mit zehn Elementen zur Strukturierung und Reifegradmessung. Berlin: Springer Gabler.\r<br>\r<br>Dommermuth, M.: 2021. Entwicklung und Anwendung eines konse- kutiven integralen Transformationskonzeptes f\u00fcr Werke von Industrieunternehmen mit variantenreicher Fertigung zur Analyse, Planung, Umsetzung und Kontrolle von Industrie 4.0. Berlin: Springer.\r<br>\r<br>Ehemann, T. et al.: 2021. Mit dem InAsPro- Transformationskonzept die Digitalisierung planen. In: W. Bauer, et al. Hrsg. Arbeit in der digitalisierten Welt. Berlin Heidelberg: Springer Vieweg, pp. 205-222.\r<br>\r<br>Heppner, H.; Schlicher, K.; Hobscheidt, D.: 2019. INLUMIA \u2013 Instru- mentarium zur Steigerung der Leistungsf\u00e4higkeit durch Industrie 4.0. In: GfA, Hrsg. Fr\u00fchjahrskongress 2019. Arbeit interdisziplin\u00e4r analysieren \u2013 bewerten \u2013 gestalten C.3.7. Dort- mund: GfA.\r<br>\r<br>H\u00fcbner, M.: 2018. Das Industrie 4.0-Reifegradmo- dell. In: G. Lanza &amp; P. Nyhuis, Hrsg. Industrie 4.0 f\u00fcr die Praxis. Bef\u00e4higungs- und Einf\u00fchrungsstrate- gien. Garbsen: TEWISS, pp. 184-196.\r<br>\r<br>Kese, D.; Terstegen, S.: 2017. Benchmark Reife- gradmodelle. IEE Industrie Engineering Effizienz, 10, pp. 30-34.\r<br>Knackstedt, R.; P\u00f6ppelbu\u00df, J. &amp; Becker, J.: 2009. Vorgehensmodell zur Entwicklung von Reife- gradmodellen. Wien, \u00d6sterreichische Computer Gesellschaft, pp. 535-544.\r<br>\r<br>Lichtblau, K. et al.: 2015. Industrie 4.0-Readiness (gef\u00f6rdert von der IMPULS-Stiftung des VDMA), Aachen, K\u00f6ln: Institut der deutschen Wirtschaft K\u00f6ln Consult GmbH.\r<br>\r<br>Matt, D. T. et al.: 2018. Industrie 4.0 Assessment &#8211; Bewertungsmodell zur Identifikation und Priori- sierung von Industrie 4.0 Umsetzungs- ma\u00dfnahmen in KMUs. In: D. T. Matt, Hrsg. KMU 4.0 &#8211; Digitale Transformation in kleinen und mittelst\u00e4ndischen Unternehmen. Schriftenreihe der WGAB. Berlin: GITO, pp. 93-112.\r<br>\r<br>M\u00fcller, E.; Tawalbeh, M.; Hopf, H.: 2018. Reifegradbestimmung als Vorstufe der Industrie 4.0-Strategieentwicklung. In: D. T. Matt, Hrsg. KMU 4.0 &#8211; Digitale Transformation in kleinen und mittel- st\u00e4ndischen Unternehmen. Schriftenreihe der WGAB. Berlin: GITO, pp. 71-91.\r<br>\r<br>Pierenkemper, C.; Reinhold, J.; Dumitrescu, R.; Gausemeier, J.: 2019. Erfolg versprechende Industrie 4.0-Zielposition. Ermittlung unter Ber\u00fccksichtigung zuk\u00fcnftiger Umfeldentwicklungen. Industrie 4.0 Management, 5, Issue 35, pp. 30-34.\r<br>Puchan, J.; Zeifang, A.: 2017. Industrie-4.0-Reifegradmodell. In: T. Barton, et al. Hrsg. Angewandte Forschung in der Wirtschaftsinfor- matik. Prozesse, Technologie, Anwendungen, Systeme und Management. Tagungsband zur 30. AKWI-Jahrestagung. Heide: mana-Buch, pp. 257-265.\r<br>\r<br>Schuh, G. et al.: 2017. Industrie 4.0 Maturity Index. Die digitale Transformation von Unternehmen steuern (acatech STUDIE). M\u00fcn- chen: Herbert Utz. Schuh, G. et al., 2018. Industrie 4.0: Implement it! \u2013 Ein Leitfaden zur erfolgreichen Implementierung von Industrie 4.0-L\u00f6sungen. Aachen: s.n.\r<br>\r<br>Schumacher, A.; Erol, S.; Sihn, W.: 2016. A maturity model for asses- sing Industry 4.0 readiness and maturity of manufacturing enterprises. Procedia CIRP, Band 52, pp. 161-166.\r<br>\r<br>VDMA, F. I. 4. (ed): 2017. Leitfaden Industrie 4.0 Orientierungshilfe zur Einf\u00fchrung in den Mittelstand. Frankfurt: VDMA Verlag GmbH.<\/div><div id=\"download-section\" class=\"gito-pub-download-section\" style=\"text-align:center;margin:20px;\"><h2>Your downloads<\/h2><button style=\"font-size:14px;margin-right:15px;\" class=\"button gito-pub-cpt-download-button\" data-postid=\"107569\" data-userid =\"0\" data-filename=\"I4S_01-2023_Schumacher.pdf\"><span style=\"margin-top:5px !important;\" class=\"dashicons dashicons-download\"><\/span>&nbsp;&nbsp;PDF<\/button><\/div><div class=\"gito-pub-tags-social-share\" style=\"display:flex;justify-content:space-between;\"><div>Tags: <span class=\"gito-pub-tag-element\"><a href=\"\/tag\/corporate-culture\/\">corporate culture<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"gito-pub-tag-element\"><a href=\"\/tag\/cps\/\">CPS<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"gito-pub-tag-element\"><a href=\"\/tag\/cyber-physical-systems\/\">Cyber-Physical Systems<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"gito-pub-tag-element\"><a href=\"\/tag\/digital-product-mapping\/\">digital product mapping<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"gito-pub-tag-element\"><a href=\"\/tag\/industry-4-0-en\/\">Industry 4.0<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"gito-pub-tag-element\"><a href=\"\/tag\/management-en\/\">Management<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"gito-pub-tag-element\"><a href=\"\/tag\/maturity-index\/\">maturity index<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"gito-pub-tag-element\"><a href=\"\/tag\/maturity-model-comparison\/\">maturity model comparison<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"gito-pub-tag-element\"><a href=\"\/tag\/maturity-models\/\">Maturity models<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"gito-pub-tag-element\"><a href=\"\/tag\/maturity-models-for-smes\/\">maturity models for SMEs<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"gito-pub-tag-element\"><a href=\"\/tag\/product-lifecycle\/\">product lifecycle<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"gito-pub-tag-element\"><a href=\"\/tag\/real-life-applicability-of-maturity-models-2\/\">real-life applicability of maturity models<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"gito-pub-tag-element\"><a href=\"\/tag\/smart-factory-en\/\">Smart Factory<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"gito-pub-tag-element\"><a href=\"\/tag\/smart-products\/\">Smart Products<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"gito-pub-tag-element\"><a href=\"\/tag\/smart-supply-chain-en\/\">Smart Supply Chain<\/a><\/span> <\/div><div><div class=\"social-icons share-icons share-row relative\" ><a href=\"whatsapp:\/\/send?text=Comparing%20Industry%204.0%20Maturity%20Models - https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/articles\/industry-4-0-maturity-models\/\" data-action=\"share\/whatsapp\/share\" class=\"icon button circle is-outline tooltip whatsapp show-for-medium\" title=\"Share on WhatsApp\" aria-label=\"Share on WhatsApp\"><i class=\"icon-whatsapp\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer.php?u=https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/articles\/industry-4-0-maturity-models\/\" data-label=\"Facebook\" onclick=\"window.open(this.href,this.title,&#039;width=500,height=500,top=300px,left=300px&#039;); 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return false;\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"icon button circle is-outline tooltip linkedin\" title=\"Share on LinkedIn\" aria-label=\"Share on LinkedIn\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><i class=\"icon-linkedin\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><hr style=\"margin-top:0px;\">\n<h2 class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-headline\">You might also be interested in<\/h2>\n<!-- GITO_PUB_POST start flex-container -->\n<div class=\"gito-pub-flex-container\">\n   <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card gito-pub-flex-item gito-pub-flex-item-1\">\n      <a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/articles\/industry-4-0-digitalization-limbo\/\">\n         <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-row\">         <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column-image\">\n            <picture>\n               <source media=\"(max-width:640px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Donhauser_AdobeStock_507850396_Gorodenkoff-640x325.webp\">\n               <source media=\"(min-width:641px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Donhauser_AdobeStock_507850396_Gorodenkoff-196x180.webp\">\n               <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-image\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Donhauser_AdobeStock_507850396_Gorodenkoff-196x180.webp\" alt=\"Industry 4.0\u2014Progress and Digitalization in Limbo\">\n            <\/picture>\n         <\/div>\n            <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column\">               <div class=\"ellipsis\" style=\"height:166px !important;overflow:hidden;\" title=\"Industry 4.0\u2014Progress and Digitalization in Limbo\">                  <table class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-header\">\n            \t     <tr>\n                        <td>                  \t\t   <h4 class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-title\" style=\"line-height:1.2em;\">Industry 4.0\u2014Progress and Digitalization in Limbo<\/h4>\n                        <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-subtitle\">Status of sustainable transformation and digitalization in production engineering<\/div>                        <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-author\"><a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/authors\/christian-donhauser\/\">Christian Donhauser<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-0366-1828\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"ORCID eintrag \u00f6ffnen.\" rel=\"noopener\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/assets\/vectors\/orcid.logo.icon.svg\" alt=\"ORCID Icon\" style=\"width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:middle;\"><\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/authors\/daniel-riepl\/\">Daniel Riepl<\/a><\/div>\n                        <\/td>\n                     <\/tr>\n                  <\/table>\n                  <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-text\">\n                     <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-abo-sign gito-pub-login-register-link\" data-targetabo=\"expert\" data-targeturl=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/articles\/industry-4-0-digitalization-limbo\/\" title=\"please login or register - content can only be read in its entirety with a subscription  expert\">\n\t\t\t                         <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/gito-publisher\/img\/i4s-login.png\">\n\t\t\t                      <\/div>Digitalization projects help users represent complex processes more simply and efficiently. However, there are many obstacles to implementation. Reluctance to implement these projects is palpable. This affects, among others, employers and employees, who may fall behind economically by waiting or avoiding change. These observations can be traced back to an overarching research question: What barriers and systemic challenges hinder sustainable transformation within the context of Industry 4.0, particularly when considering human labor in production engineering? What questions are the affected stakeholders asking? The primary goal of this long-term research project is to define these questions decisively and in detail in order to develop a conceptual foundation that integrates research, teaching, and technological development and thus combines the potential of digital technologies with the experiential and practical knowledge of production workers.                  <\/div>\n               <\/div>\n               <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-scientific\"><strong>Industry 4.0 Science<\/strong> | Volume 42 | 2026 | Edition 3 | Pages 56-60<\/div>            <\/div>\n         <\/div>\n      <\/a>\n   <\/div>\n   <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card gito-pub-flex-item gito-pub-flex-item-1\">\n      <a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/articles\/ai-lubrication-thread-forming\/\">\n         <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-row\">         <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column-image\">\n            <picture>\n               <source media=\"(max-width:640px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Donhauser_AdobeStock_1969238171_Gorodenkoff-640x325.webp\">\n               <source media=\"(min-width:641px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Donhauser_AdobeStock_1969238171_Gorodenkoff-196x180.webp\">\n               <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-image\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Donhauser_AdobeStock_1969238171_Gorodenkoff-196x180.webp\" alt=\"AI-Powered Lubrication Strategies for Thread Forming\">\n            <\/picture>\n         <\/div>\n            <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column\">               <div class=\"ellipsis\" style=\"height:166px !important;overflow:hidden;\" title=\"AI-Powered Lubrication Strategies for Thread Forming\">                  <table class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-header\">\n            \t     <tr>\n                        <td>                  \t\t   <h4 class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-title\" style=\"line-height:1.2em;\">AI-Powered Lubrication Strategies for Thread Forming<\/h4>\n                        <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-subtitle\">Adaptive spray jet control to increase process reliability and tool life<\/div>                        <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-author\"><a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/authors\/reinhard-schmied\/\">Reinhard Schmied<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/authors\/marco-susic\/\">Marco Susic<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/authors\/christian-donhauser\/\">Christian Donhauser<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-0366-1828\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"ORCID eintrag \u00f6ffnen.\" rel=\"noopener\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/assets\/vectors\/orcid.logo.icon.svg\" alt=\"ORCID Icon\" style=\"width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:middle;\"><\/a><\/div>\n                        <\/td>\n                     <\/tr>\n                  <\/table>\n                  <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-text\">\n                     <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-abo-sign gito-pub-login-register-link\" data-targetabo=\"expert\" data-targeturl=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/articles\/ai-lubrication-thread-forming\/\" title=\"please login or register - content can only be read in its entirety with a subscription  expert\">\n\t\t\t                         <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/gito-publisher\/img\/i4s-login.png\">\n\t\t\t                      <\/div>Thread forming requires precise lubricant application because high contact pressures and process temperatures strongly influence tool loading, friction, and process stability. Although minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) systems are widely used, current spray-based approaches can still suffer from spray losses, insufficient wetting of the thread grooves, and unstable droplet transport. This article presents a concept for adaptive precision lubrication in thread forming based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD)-supported flow analysis, experimental validation, and artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted optimization. The focus is on droplet size, spray jet geometry, nozzle position, ambient flow conditions, and their influence on wetting intensity. Preliminary simulation-based investigations indicate that data-driven optimization can help identify wetting deficiencies and support the development of future control strategies for resource-efficient lubricant application.                  <\/div>\n               <\/div>\n               <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-scientific\"><strong>Industry 4.0 Science<\/strong> | Volume 42 | 2027 | Edition 3 | Pages 76-83<\/div>            <\/div>\n         <\/div>\n      <\/a>\n   <\/div>\n   <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card gito-pub-flex-item gito-pub-flex-item-1\">\n      <a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/articles\/human-models-optimized-assembly\/\">\n         <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-row\">         <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column-image\">\n            <picture>\n               <source media=\"(max-width:640px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Brockmann_AdobeStock_1505788468_vegefox.com_-640x325.webp\">\n               <source media=\"(min-width:641px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Brockmann_AdobeStock_1505788468_vegefox.com_-196x180.webp\">\n               <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-image\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Brockmann_AdobeStock_1505788468_vegefox.com_-196x180.webp\" alt=\"Optimized Manual Processes in Automotive Production\">\n            <\/picture>\n         <\/div>\n            <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column\">               <div class=\"ellipsis\" style=\"height:166px !important;overflow:hidden;\" title=\"Optimized Manual Processes in Automotive Production\">                  <table class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-header\">\n            \t     <tr>\n                        <td>                  \t\t   <h4 class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-title\" style=\"line-height:1.2em;\">Optimized Manual Processes in Automotive Production<\/h4>\n                        <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-subtitle\">A module-based approach for the efficient creation of work system simulations<\/div>                        <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-author\"><a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/authors\/barbara-brockmann\/\">Barbara Brockmann<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/authors\/tobias-jurk\/\">Tobias Jurk<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/authors\/beate-stoffels\/\">Beate Stoffels<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/authors\/jochen-deuse-en\/\">Jochen Deuse<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4066-4357\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"ORCID eintrag \u00f6ffnen.\" rel=\"noopener\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/assets\/vectors\/orcid.logo.icon.svg\" alt=\"ORCID Icon\" style=\"width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:middle;\"><\/a><\/div>\n                        <\/td>\n                     <\/tr>\n                  <\/table>\n                  <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-text\">\n                     <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-abo-sign gito-pub-login-register-link\" data-targetabo=\"expert\" data-targeturl=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/articles\/human-models-optimized-assembly\/\" title=\"please login or register - content can only be read in its entirety with a subscription  expert\">\n\t\t\t                         <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/gito-publisher\/img\/i4s-login.png\">\n\t\t\t                      <\/div>In the manufacturing industry, the integration of digital human models into the product development and manufacturing process is becoming increasingly important. Particularly in assembly, which is characterized by a high proportion of manual tasks, motion simulations enable a realistic representation of human work and thus make a significant contribution to the evaluation of motion economy, process validation, and efficiency improvement. However, widespread application in production planning faces various challenges, such as the high initial effort required to create human simulations as well as volatile planning conditions. This article presents a practice-oriented solution from the automotive assembly sector that enables the creation of simulations with reduced effort as well as their early and consistent use in the planning process.                  <\/div>\n               <\/div>\n               <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-scientific\"><strong>Industry 4.0 Science<\/strong> | Volume 42 | 2026 | Edition 3 | Pages 48-55<\/div>            <\/div>\n         <\/div>\n      <\/a>\n   <\/div>\n   <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card gito-pub-flex-item gito-pub-flex-item-1\">\n      <a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/articles\/application-potentials-of-chinese-knowledge-platforms\/\">\n         <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-row\">         <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column-image\">\n            <picture>\n               <source media=\"(max-width:640px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Braun-640x325.jpg\">\n               <source media=\"(min-width:641px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Braun-196x180.jpg\">\n               <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-image\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Braun-196x180.jpg\" alt=\"Application Potentials of Chinese Knowledge Platforms\">\n            <\/picture>\n         <\/div>\n            <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column\">               <div class=\"ellipsis\" style=\"height:166px !important;overflow:hidden;\" title=\"Application Potentials of Chinese Knowledge Platforms\">                  <table class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-header\">\n            \t     <tr>\n                        <td>                  \t\t   <h4 class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-title\" style=\"line-height:1.2em;\">Application Potentials of Chinese Knowledge Platforms<\/h4>\n                        <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-subtitle\">Digital platforms for knowledge transfer in research and education<\/div>                        <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-author\"><a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/authors\/yunhao-su\/\">Yunhao Su<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/authors\/martin-braun-en\/\">Martin Braun<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0857-6760\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"ORCID eintrag \u00f6ffnen.\" rel=\"noopener\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/assets\/vectors\/orcid.logo.icon.svg\" alt=\"ORCID Icon\" style=\"width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:middle;\"><\/a><\/div>\n                        <\/td>\n                     <\/tr>\n                  <\/table>\n                  <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-text\">\n                     <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-abo-sign gito-pub-login-register-link\" data-targetabo=\"expert\" data-targeturl=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/articles\/application-potentials-of-chinese-knowledge-platforms\/\" title=\"please login or register - content can only be read in its entirety with a subscription  expert\">\n\t\t\t                         <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/gito-publisher\/img\/i4s-login.png\">\n\t\t\t                      <\/div>Knowledge drives innovation, which is why digital platforms are increasingly used for knowledge transfer. The People\u2019s Republic of China (PRC) is a global leader in digitalization and digital platforms are central to Chinese knowledge transfer and innovation systems. This study supplements theoretical concepts of knowledge transfer with empirical findings on the (further) development of relevant knowledge platforms. It examines the influence of specific design features on the functionality and quality of digital knowledge platforms. A literature review identifies seven condensed success criteria. Nine leading Chinese knowledge platforms are categorized based on their transfer logic and functional scope. Online survey participants assess the platform-specific manifestations of the identified criteria and highlight potential and areas for improvement in platform-based knowledge transfer.                  <\/div>\n               <\/div>\n               <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-scientific\"><strong>Industry 4.0 Science<\/strong> | Volume 42 | 2026 | Edition 3 | Pages 84-93<\/div>            <\/div>\n         <\/div>\n      <\/a>\n   <\/div>\n   <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card gito-pub-flex-item gito-pub-flex-item-1\">\n      <a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/articles\/smartbending-inline-measurement-for-process-correction\/\">\n         <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-row\">         <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column-image\">\n            <picture>\n               <source media=\"(max-width:640px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/susic-640x325.jpg\">\n               <source media=\"(min-width:641px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/susic-196x180.jpg\">\n               <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-image\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/susic-196x180.jpg\" alt=\"SmartBending\u2014Inline Measurement for Process Correction\">\n            <\/picture>\n         <\/div>\n            <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column\">               <div class=\"ellipsis\" style=\"height:166px !important;overflow:hidden;\" title=\"SmartBending\u2014Inline Measurement for Process Correction\">                  <table class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-header\">\n            \t     <tr>\n                        <td>                  \t\t   <h4 class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-title\" style=\"line-height:1.2em;\">SmartBending\u2014Inline Measurement for Process Correction<\/h4>\n                        <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-subtitle\">Inline process optimization for error compensation in swivel bending<\/div>                        <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-author\"><a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/authors\/christian-donhauser\/\">Christian Donhauser<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-0366-1828\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"ORCID eintrag \u00f6ffnen.\" rel=\"noopener\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/assets\/vectors\/orcid.logo.icon.svg\" alt=\"ORCID Icon\" style=\"width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:middle;\"><\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/authors\/reinhard-schmied\/\">Reinhard Schmied<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/authors\/marco-susic\/\">Marco Susic<\/a><\/div>\n                        <\/td>\n                     <\/tr>\n                  <\/table>\n                  <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-text\">\n                     <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-abo-sign gito-pub-login-register-link\" data-targetabo=\"expert\" data-targeturl=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/articles\/smartbending-inline-measurement-for-process-correction\/\" title=\"please login or register - content can only be read in its entirety with a subscription  expert\">\n\t\t\t                         <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/gito-publisher\/img\/i4s-login.png\">\n\t\t\t                      <\/div>Swivel bending is an established forming process that minimizes material loss and enables efficient use of resources. However, the process requires complex optimizations that have traditionally relied heavily on the expertise of machine operators. This results in significant time and material costs, as optimization steps are performed iteratively. Given the shortage of skilled workers, a technological upgrade of the machines in line with Industry 4.0 is necessary. As part of a research project, intelligent sensor technology was used to record critical influencing factors that reveal correlations between product defects and machine deformations. Based on this, a methodology was developed that forms the foundation for inline compensation, enabling the equipment to autonomously adjust process parameters to correct product defects and, in the long term, enable defect-free production from the very first component.                  <\/div>\n               <\/div>\n               <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-scientific\"><strong>Industry 4.0 Science<\/strong> | Volume 42 | 2026 | Edition 3 | Pages 134-141<\/div>            <\/div>\n         <\/div>\n      <\/a>\n   <\/div>\n   <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card gito-pub-flex-item gito-pub-flex-item-1\">\n      <a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/articles\/vr-training-for-multimodal-cobot-interaction\/\">\n         <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-row\">         <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column-image\">\n            <picture>\n               <source media=\"(max-width:640px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/zoller-640x325.jpg\">\n               <source media=\"(min-width:641px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/zoller-196x180.jpg\">\n               <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-image\" src=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/zoller-196x180.jpg\" alt=\"VR Training for Multimodal Cobot Interaction\">\n            <\/picture>\n         <\/div>\n            <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-column\">               <div class=\"ellipsis\" style=\"height:166px !important;overflow:hidden;\" title=\"VR Training for Multimodal Cobot Interaction\">                  <table class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-header\">\n            \t     <tr>\n                        <td>                  \t\t   <h4 class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-title\" style=\"line-height:1.2em;\">VR Training for Multimodal Cobot Interaction<\/h4>\n                        <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-subtitle\">Virtual learning environments for  collaborative robots<\/div>                        <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-author\"><a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/authors\/christoph-s-zoller-en\/\">Christoph S. Zoller<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/authors\/justus-langer\/\">Justus Langer<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/authors\/kristoffer-waldow\/\">Kristoffer Waldow<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5176-7530\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"ORCID eintrag \u00f6ffnen.\" rel=\"noopener\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/assets\/vectors\/orcid.logo.icon.svg\" alt=\"ORCID Icon\" style=\"width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:middle;\"><\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/authors\/merle-meyer\/\">Merle Meyer<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/authors\/arnulph-fuhrmann\/\">Arnulph Fuhrmann<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5118-5461\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"ORCID eintrag \u00f6ffnen.\" rel=\"noopener\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/assets\/vectors\/orcid.logo.icon.svg\" alt=\"ORCID Icon\" style=\"width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:middle;\"><\/a><\/div>\n                        <\/td>\n                     <\/tr>\n                  <\/table>\n                  <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-text\">\n                     The VIRAMM research project is developing and prototyping a VR-based training concept for the integration of collaborative robots (cobots) in assembly-oriented U-cells. Since the benefits of cobots depend heavily on process, layout, and role integration, VIRAMM addresses the previously lacking consistent scenario design for variant comparisons with Key Performance Indicator (KPI)-based evaluation.                  <\/div>\n               <\/div>\n               <div class=\"gito-pub-frontend-post-card-scientific\"><strong>Industry 4.0 Science<\/strong> | Volume 42 | 2026 | Edition 3 | Pages 106-112<\/div>            <\/div>\n         <\/div>\n      <\/a>\n   <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- GITO_PUB_POST end flex-container -->\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In recent years, numerous maturity models have been developed with the aim of providing a clear indication of the progress each company has made in terms of Industry 4.0 development. However, not all models include all aspects of Industry 4.0. The models are also not equally practical. This article offers an in-depth comparison and assessment of the comprehensiveness of the ten most important Industry 4.0 maturity models.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":107570,"menu_order":0,"template":"","categories":[79167,79298],"tags":[72944,74660,73726,79043,80127,80173,79045,79042,79041,79046,78072,79482,79671,76254,83917],"product_cat":[],"topic":[68206,79333],"technology":[79334],"knowhow":[],"industry":[],"writer":[81105,80397],"content-type":[],"potential":[],"solution":[],"glossary":[],"class_list":["post-107569","article","type-article","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","category-design-en","category-typeset","tag-corporate-culture","tag-cps","tag-cyber-physical-systems","tag-digital-product-mapping","tag-industry-4-0-en","tag-management-en","tag-maturity-index","tag-maturity-model-comparison","tag-maturity-models","tag-maturity-models-for-smes","tag-product-lifecycle","tag-real-life-applicability-of-maturity-models-2","tag-smart-factory-en","tag-smart-products","tag-smart-supply-chain-en","topic-industry-4-0","topic-process-optimization","technology-business-model-en","writer-jochen-schumacher-en","writer-norbert-gronau-en","product","first","instock","downloadable","virtual","sold-individually","taxable","purchasable","product-type-article"],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/AdobeStock_444799541-min.jpeg",1400,788,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/AdobeStock_444799541-min-150x150.jpeg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/AdobeStock_444799541-min-666x375.jpeg",666,375,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/AdobeStock_444799541-min-768x432.jpeg",768,432,true],"large":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/AdobeStock_444799541-min-1024x576.jpeg",1020,574,true],"front-page-entry":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/AdobeStock_444799541-min-1032x320.jpeg",1032,320,true],"post-entry":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/AdobeStock_444799541-min-764x376.jpeg",764,376,true],"post-teaser":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/AdobeStock_444799541-min-392x320.jpeg",392,320,true],"post-teaser-mobile":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/AdobeStock_444799541-min-608x496.jpeg",608,496,true],"post-custom-size":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/AdobeStock_444799541-min-640x325.jpeg",640,325,true],"whitepaper-teaser":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/AdobeStock_444799541-min-274x376.jpeg",274,376,true],"card-big":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/AdobeStock_444799541-min-514x292.jpeg",514,292,true],"card-portrait":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/AdobeStock_444799541-min-320x440.jpeg",320,440,true],"card-big-company":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/AdobeStock_444799541-min-514x289.jpeg",514,289,true],"gp-listing":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/AdobeStock_444799541-min-196x180.jpeg",196,180,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/AdobeStock_444799541-min.jpeg",1400,788,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/AdobeStock_444799541-min.jpeg",1400,788,false],"woocommerce_thumbnail":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/AdobeStock_444799541-min-510x510.jpeg",510,510,true],"woocommerce_single":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/AdobeStock_444799541-min-510x287.jpeg",510,287,true],"woocommerce_gallery_thumbnail":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/AdobeStock_444799541-min-100x100.jpeg",100,100,true],"dgwt-wcas-product-suggestion":["https:\/\/industry-science.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/AdobeStock_444799541-min-64x36.jpeg",64,36,true]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Florian Goldmann","author_link":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/author\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"In recent years, numerous maturity models have been developed with the aim of providing a clear indication of the progress each company has made in terms of Industry 4.0 development. However, not all models include all aspects of Industry 4.0. The models are also not equally practical. This article offers an in-depth comparison and assessment&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/article\/107569","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/article"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/article"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/107570"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=107569"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=107569"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=107569"},{"taxonomy":"product_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_cat?post=107569"},{"taxonomy":"topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/topic?post=107569"},{"taxonomy":"technology","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/technology?post=107569"},{"taxonomy":"knowhow","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowhow?post=107569"},{"taxonomy":"industry","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/industry?post=107569"},{"taxonomy":"writer","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/writer?post=107569"},{"taxonomy":"content-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/content-type?post=107569"},{"taxonomy":"potential","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/potential?post=107569"},{"taxonomy":"solution","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/solution?post=107569"},{"taxonomy":"glossary","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/industry-science.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary?post=107569"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}